Ibendera u Rwanda rufite
ubu ryatangiye gukoreshwa ku wa 31 Ukuboza 2001. Rigizwe n’amabara atatu arimo
icyatsi kibisi, umuhondo n’ubururu.
Ibara ry’icyatsi kibisi
risobanura icyizere cy’uburumbuke; iry’umuhondo ni iterambere ry’ubukungu mu
gihe iry’ubururu risobanura umunezero n’amahoro by’Abanyarwanda. Ishusho
y’izuba rifite imirasire 24 isa n’umuhondo w’igi rishushanyijemo uruziga;
rigaragaza urumuri rumurikira u Rwanda n’abarutuye. Ni ikimenyetso cy’ubumwe,
gukorera mu mucyo no kurwanya ubujiji.
Iri bendera ryahanzwe
n’Umunyabugeni w’Umunyarwanda, Kilimobenecyo Alphonse, nyuma yo guhigika izindi
ntiti zirenga 400 zari zaturutse imihanda yose y’Isi.
Ni gute Kilimobenecyo yahanze ibendera ry’u Rwanda?
Mu kiganiro cyihariye n’Itangazamakuru
mu 2019, Kilimobenecyo yasobanuye ko ajya gutangira gukora ubugeni, ari ibintu
atari asanzwe yiyumvamo ahubwo bisa n’ibyamugwiririye kuko mu yandi masomo
yabonaga byanze.
Ati: “Kera abantu
barangizaga kwiga umwaka wa gatandatu bagakora ikizamini cyo kujya mu mashuri
yisumbuye. Icyo gihe nari umuhanga, ariko umwaka wa mbere nakoze ikizamini
ndatsindwa, ndasibira nabwo ndatsindwa, ku nshuro ya gatatu nabwo ndatsindwa,
nibwo navuze nti igisigaye reka njye kwiga gushushanya.”
Icyo gihe yashatse abantu
bari babizobereyemo baramuhugura, amaze kubimenya akora ikizamini cyo gutangira
kwiga mu Ishuri ry’Ubugeni ku Nyundo, aratsinda.
Mu gihe yari arimo
gusoza, u Burusiya bwatanze amahirwe ku bashaka gukomeza amasomo yabo aba umwe
muri bake berekeje muri Institut des Beaux-Arts de Kiev, aho yakurikiranye
ibijyaye na ‘Arts graphiques’.
Uyu mugabo yavuye mu
Burusiya mu 1988, abona akazi mu Icapiro ry’Ibitabo by’abanyeshuri aho yari
ashinzwe ibijyanye no gutekereza ibishushanyo, gukosora amagambo no gukora
inyigoshusho (design).
Yatangiye akoresha intoki
kuko icyo gihe mudasobwa zari zitaraza, gusa yaje kugura iye bwa mbere mu 1989.
Ajya guhanga ibendera
ry’igihugu, iyari Minisiteri y’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu yatanze itangazo rivuga ko
ikeneye ibirangantego bya Repubulika, maze abiyumvamo impano y’ubugeni
barapiganwa.
Mu basaga 400 bitabiriye
ipiganwa hatoranyijwemo icumi maze bahura n’itsinda ryashyizweho kugira ngo
ryige ku birango bibereye u Rwanda, aza gusohokamo ari uwa mbere.
Ati: “Nahembwe neza
nk’uwa mbere mu bakoze ibendera n’ibirangantego bya Repubulika y’u Rwanda.’’
Mu gukora ibendera, aba
banyabugeni bari bahawe amabara bagomba kugenderaho hanyuma ibindi bo
bakabivana mu bwenge bwabo.
Ati: “Hari ibyo
twagombaga kugenderaho nk’icyerekezo cy’igihugu. Niba irya kera ryarimo umutuku
uvuga impinduramatwara n’amaraso yamenetse, twagombaga gukoresha irigaragaza
icyizere cyo kwiyubaka.’’
Abitabiriye aya
marushanwa basabwe kwitondera amakosa nk’ayakozwe mu 1959 aho ibendera ry’u
Rwanda ryasanishijwe n’irya Guinée-Conakry, nyuma y’imyaka ibiri rikaza
kwandikwamo inyuguti ya ‘R’ mu kubitandukanya.
Uyu mugabo wishimira kuba
yaratanze umusanzu mu bikorwa bikomeye by’u Rwanda, iyo muganira aba avuga ko
ibyo yakoze ari iby’igihugu aho kuba byamwitirirwa.
Yibuka ko mu gihe
cy’icyumweru arimo guhanga ibendera, yagerageje ibintu byinshi ariko akazajya
asanga nta gisobanuro bifite. Aha niho gushyiramo izuba byaturutse.
Ku ikubitiro iryo zuba
yarihaye imirasire 12, ariko kuko yagombaga gutanga ibisobanuro byaryo
abisesenguye asanga bitaba biboneye ni ko guhitamo kuriha 24 kandi rikajya
iburyo.
Ati: “Nabanje gutekereza
utuntu twihariye tugomba kuba mu ibendera. Izuba naravuze nti ‘ese ndariha
imirasire ingahe’, ndavuga nti ‘irindwi ariko nsanga bidasa neza’. Natangiye
ngira 12, ndenzaho mike nabwo mbona ari bibi nyuma nza kuvuga nti reka ngire
24.”
Iyi mirasire 24 yayihaye
igisobanuro cya politiki nziza itagomba gusinzira ahubwo igomba buri gihe
guhora imurikiye igihugu. Iryo zuba kandi yagennye ko rigomba kujya iburyo aho
rirasira, aho kujya ibumoso nk’aho rirengera kuko kurenga byaba bivuze ko ya
politiki nziza isinziriye.
Amajoro yamaze adasinziye
yaje kubyara umusaruro maze atangazwa nk’uwatsinze. Ntajya yifuza gushyira
hanze ingano y’amafaranga yahembwe, gusa ashimangira ko ‘yari menshi muri icyo
gihe kandi icy’ingenzi si umubare wayo, ni uko byamfunguriye amarembo’.
Ati: “Icyanshimishije ni
ukumva nakoze ikintu cy’agaciro ku gihugu n’Abanyarwanda.’’
Uko yahanze ikirangantego
Kilimobenecyo ni na we
wakoze ikirangantego cy’u Rwanda kirimo agaseke, ingabo, amasaka n’ipfundo
rishimangira ubumwe.
Ati: “U Rwanda rwagize
akaga gakomeye; kubera Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, nahisemo agaseke kuko nyuma
yayo Abanyarwanda bari bakeneye kongera gusabana, sinari nzi ko kazakundwa
cyane mu mahanga kakatuzanira n’amadovize. Ikindi natekereje ko iterambere
ry’igihugu rigomba inganda ikoranabuhanga, nabyo mbishyiramo. ’’
“Ntitwibagiwe ubuhinzi
n’ubworozi n’ikawa icuruzwa hanze mu kuzamura ubukungu bw’igihugu. Ingabo
ebyiri nazikoresheje nk’uburinzi bw’ibikorwa by’igihugu. Byose bikorwa
Abanyarwanda batahiriza umugozi umwe, bivuga ko tugomba gukorera hamwe kandi mu
mucyo.’’
Niwe washushanyije inote zirimo iy’ibihumbi bitanu
Kilimobenecyo yanagize
uruhare mu gushushanya inote zikoreshwa mu Rwanda rwa none kimwe n’izakoreshejwe
mu bihe byahise nk’iya 5000 Frw.
Ati: “Hari inote zimwe zirimo iya 5000 Frw, 2000 Frw, 1000 Frw na 500 Frw nagiye nshushanya mbisabwe na Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu mu gihe bahinduraga amafaranga.’’
Igiceri cy’ijana
cyifashishwa muri iki gihe nacyo ni we wagishushanyije ariko mu gihe gito
abantu benshi badashobora gutekereza, kuko cyamutwaye iminota itanu gusa.
Kilimobenecyo yagiye ashimangira ko uwo ubugeni bwahiriye bumutunga bitewe n’uburyo abwitwaramo, yagiye akora n’ibindi birimo amashusho yigeze gukwira ku mbuga nkoranyambaga agaragaza Perezida Kagame ari umutoza w’ikipe naho abagize Guverinoma ari abakinnyi.
Ni we kandi wakoze igishushanyo kigaragara nk’ikirango cy’Igicumbi cy’Intwari, ibirango bitandukanye bya RDF, yanashushanyije impeta z’ishimwe z’igihugu, ikirango cy’Umujyi wa Kigali.
Afatanyije n’uwitwa
Hategekimana Laurent, bakoze Ingabo yahawe Perezida Kagame ubwo yarahiriraga
kuyobora u Rwanda muri Kanama 2017.
Kilimobenecyo yahanze igihangano gihamagarira buri wese guharanira kuba intwari
Mu 2016 ubwo hizihizwaga
umunsi w’Intwari, Klimobenecyo yamuritse igihangano cyerekana ko abantu bose bahawe ikaze mu
Rwanda kandi basabwa gushyigikira abanyarwanda mu bikorwa by'ubutwari, ibi
akaba yarabikoze mu buryo buzimije, yerekana ko abarwanya u Rwanda baba abanyarwanda
n'abanyamahanga, bakwiye kuza bakabatizwa mu ndangagaciro zo gukunda icyiza no
kugishyigikira bagamije kwimika ubutwari.
Muri iki gihangano,
hagaragaramo abayobozi bakuru b'igihugu mu nzego zitandukanye, aho baba bari
kumwe n'abarwanya Leta y'u Rwanda babasaba kubatizwa mu cyo uyu munyabugeni
yise indangagaciro z'ubutwari, babereka ko kimwe n'abandi bose barwanya Leta
y'u Rwanda, bahawe ikaze mu gufatanya n'abandi banyarwanda kubaka igihugu aho
gushaka gusenya no gupfobya ibyo abanyarwanda bagezeho.
Hagaragaramo kandi
abanyamadini batandukanye, barimo nka Pasiteri Antoine Rutayisire umenyerewe mu
bikorwa by'amasengesho y'abayobozi bakuru b'igihugu, kimwe n'ibindi bikorwa
rusange by'amasengesho. Hanagaragaramo umunyamerika Pasiteri Rick Warren, uyu
akaba yaramaze igihe akora ibikorwa mpuzamatorero mu Rwanda bigamije gushima Imana
ku byo yagiye ikorera abanyarwanda no kuyisaba gukomeza gufasha abanyarwanda mu
ntego bihaye zo kubaka igihugu.
Imbere y'aba bayobozi ba Leta baba bagaragara nk'abaryohewe bifashishije umuziki, hagaragara ishusho
y'umumalayika, aha uyu munyabugeni akaba yarabwiye InyaRwanda ko yashakaga kugaragaza ko ibyo bakora
biba birimo Imana kandi ikomeza gushyigikira u Rwanda mu cyerecyezo cyiza
rwihaye, dore ko avuga ko Imana itirirwa ahandi ngo itahe i Rwanda, ahubwo ko
ihirirwa ikanaharara.
Urupfu rwe
Inkuru y’incamugongo y’urupfu
rwa Kilimobenecyo Alphonse umwe mu banyabugeni b’abahanga u Rwanda rwagize mu mateka, rwamenyekanye
mu rukerera rwo kuri uyu wa Gatandatu tariki ya ya 19 Mata 2025. Nta byinshi
biratangazwa, ariko hatangajwe ko yitabye Imana ku myaka 66 y’amavuko azize
uburwayi.
Bernard Birasa bakoranye
yabwiye RBA ko babuze umuntu w'ingirakamaro, anashimangira ko yasize umurage
mwiza.