Mu gutegura iyi nkuru, twifashishije inyandiko z’amateka n’ubushakashatsi bwanditswe ku matora ya Liberia yo mu 1927, ndetse n’inyandiko z’ibigo bibika amateka.
Muri zo harimo inyandiko za U.S. Department of State, Office of the Historian, na Raporo ya International Commission of Inquiry into the Existence of Slavery and Forced Labor in the Republic of Liberia yo mu 1930.
Mu 1927, Liberia yakoze amatora ya Perezida yaje kuba amwe mu matora azwi cyane mu mateka kubera imibare y’amajwi yatangajwe: Charles D. B. King yatangajwe ko yatsinze afite amajwi arenga 229,000, mu gihe umubare w’abari bemerewe gutora wari hafi 15,000 gusa.
Aya matora yaje no kuvugwa ko yanditswe muri Guinness Book of Records nk’amatora yabayemo uburiganya bukomeye kurusha ayandi yigeze gutangazwa.
Ku wa 3 Gicurasi 1927, Abanyaliberiya batoye Perezida w’igihugu. Umukuru w’igihugu icyo gihe, Charles D. B. King, wari uhagarariye True Whig Party, yari ahanganye na Thomas J. R. Faulkner wo mu People’s Party.
King yashakaga kongera kuyobora igihugu, naho Faulkner yari umwe mu batavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi kandi yari yarubakiye ubukangurambaga bwe ku mpinduka mu mategeko agenga umurimo.
Icyakora, ibisubizo byatangajwe nyuma y’amatora byateye abantu kwibaza byinshi.
Imubare inyandiko zitandukanye z’amateka zikunze guhuriraho ni uko, Charles D. B. King yagize amajwi 229,527, naho Thomas J. R. Faulkner akagira amajwi 8,992, mu gihe abari banditswe cyangwa bemerewe gutora bari hagati ya 15,000 na 19,000.
Hari kandi izindi nyandiko z’amateka zivuga ko King yabonye amajwi hafi 234,000, ndetse abandi bakavuga ko yabonye amajwi hafi 243,000. Icy'ingenzi ni uko inyandiko zitandukanye zihuriza ku kintu kimwe: amajwi ya King yarutaga kure cyane umubare w’abantu bari bemerewe gutora.
None se ibi bishoboka bite?
Reka tubishyire mu mibare yoroshye. Niba Liberia yari ifite abantu hafi 15,000 bemerewe gutora, ariko King agatangzwa nk’uwatsinze ku majwi arenga 229,000, bivuze ko umubare w’amajwi yatangajwe kuri we wari urenze inshuro 15 umubare w’abari bemerewe gutora.
Ni cyo cyatumye aya matora afatwa nk’urugero rukomeye cyane rw’amatora yabayemo uburiganya.
Ndetse ubushakashatsi bwo kuri politiki muri Afurika busobanura ko, niba koko hari abantu 15,000 gusa bari bafite uburenganzira bwo gutora, imibare yatangajwe yasabaga ko buri muntu wemewe gutora yaba yaratanze amajwi inshuro nyinshi cyane, cyangwa se ko abantu benshi batari bafite uburenganzira bwo gutora bahawe amahirwe yo gutora.
Guinness ntiyabyirengagije
Uburemere bw’aya matora bwageze no ku Guinness Book of Records.
Inyandiko z’amateka zivuga ko Guinness Book of World Records yigeze kuyashyira mu byiciro by’amatora yabayemo uburiganya bukabije, ikayavuga nk’amatora yabayemo uburiganya bukomeye kurusha ayandi yigeze gutangazwa.
Ibi binasubirwamo n’inyandiko z’amateka zishingiye ku bitabo bya Guinness byo muri iyo myaka. Ni yo mpamvu aya matora akomeza kuvugwa mu mateka y’amatora yabaye mu buryo butangaje ku isi.
Ibyakurikiyeho nyuma y’amatora
Nyuma y’amatora yo mu 1927, Thomas J. R. Faulkner yakomeje gushinja ubutegetsi bwa Charles D. B. King ibibazo bikomeye birimo imirimo y’agahato no kohereza Abanyaliberiya muri Fernando Po, icyo gihe yari ikirwa cyategekwaga na Espagne.
Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na zo zari zatangaje amakuru adasanzwe kuri Liberia avuga ko uburyo abo bakozi bashakwagamo bwasaga cyane n’ubucuruzi bw’abacakara. Ibyo birego byaje gutuma Liberia yemera ko hakorwa iperereza mpuzamahanga.
Mu 1930 hashyizweho komisiyo yari irimo Cuthbert Christy wari uhagarariye League of Nations, Charles S. Johnson wari uhagarariye Amerika na Arthur Barclay wari uhagarariye Liberia. Komisiyo yakoze iperereza, ikusanya ubuhamya burenga 260.
Raporo yayo yasohotse muri Nzeri 1930 igaragaza ko imirimo y’agahato yakoreshejwe mu mirimo ya Leta no mu bikorwa by’abantu bafite ububasha, ndetse ko bamwe mu bakozi boherezwaga muri Fernando Po bashakwaga ku buryo bw’agahato bwari bugoye gutandukanywa n’ubucakara.
Komisiyo kandi yashinjaga abayobozi bakuru kuba bari babizi cyangwa barabigizemo uruhare.
Mumpera za 1930, Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ya Liberia yatangiye gushyira igitutu kuri King ngo yegure. Visi Perezida Allen Yancy yeguye mbere, na King aza kwegura muri uwo mwaka.
Bityo, scandal yatangiriye ku birego bya Faulkner ku bijyanye n’amatora, iza gukingura amarembo y’iperereza ryagaragaje ikibazo gikomeye cy’imirimo y’agahato muri Liberia.
Kugeza n’uyu munsi, aya matora akomeje kwibukwa nk’imwe mu ngero zizwi cyane z’amatora yabayemo uburiganya bukabije, kandi kuba yarigeze kwandikwa muri Guinness Book of Records byatumye izina ryayo rikomeza kubaho mu mateka y’amatora ku isi.