Icyo gihe, u Rwanda rwari rukiri mu bihe bikomeye byakurikiye Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, aho abantu barenga miliyoni bishwe, abandi benshi bagasigara bafite ibikomere by’umubiri n’iby’umutima.
Dr. Yvan yabwiye Abasenateri ati: “Mu 1995, igihugu cyari gifite umuganga umwe w’indwara zo mu mutwe gusa, ari nayo mpamvu politiki y’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe yibanze ku gufasha abarwayi ba trauma.”
Yavuze ko uretse ivuriro rya Ndera, nta kindi kigo cyari gihari cyo kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe. Ariko mu mwaka umwe gusa, hashinzwe ikigo gito cya serivisi z’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe i Kigali, cyafashaga abarwayi b'ihungabana, ndetse hatangijwe amahugurwa y’abakozi bakora muri uru rwego rw'ubuvuzi.
Uhereye kuri uwo muganga umwe, u Rwanda rwatangiye gutoza no kongera umubare w’abahanga mu by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, harimo abaganga b’indwara zo mu mutwe, abaganga b’ubwonko, abaforomo, n’abahanga mu mitekerereze.
Ubu, mu Rwanda hari abaganga b’indwara zo mu mutwe 14, abaganga b’ubwonko 6, abaganga babaga ubwonko 6, abaforomo 334 b’inzobere, abahanga mu mitekerereze 793, n’abakozi b’imibereho myiza 208.
Dr. Charles Mudenge, umwe mu ba mbere batojwe nyuma ya Jenoside, yavuze ko nyuma ya 2013 hatangijwe gahunda y’ubufatanye n'u Bubiligi n'u Busuwisi mu gutanga amahugurwa, kandi ubu abanyeshuri 31 barimo kwiga uyu mwuga mu Rwanda.
Ibitaro bya Ndera byongerewe ubushobozi, ndetse ibitaro by’uturere nka Nyamata, Rwamagana na Kibuye byatangiye gutanga serivisi z’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, bituma abarwayi batagomba kwitabaza cyane Ndera.
Senateri Jean Pierre Dusingizemungu yavuze ko mbere ya Jenoside hari ubusumbane bukomeye mu kubona ubuvuzi bw’indwara zo mu mutwe, ndetse ko hari abagororwa n’imiryango yabo.
Politiki y’igihugu mu bijyanye n’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe yavuguruwe mu 2011, hashingirwa ku bwishingizi bw’abaturage no gukwirakwiza serivisi mu turere no mu miryango. U Rwanda rwashyizeho kandi gahunda y’iterambere ry’ubuvuzi bw’indwara zo mu mutwe kuva mu 2020 kugeza mu 2024, izakomeza kugera mu mashuri, mu bigo by’iterambere ry’abarwayi n'ahandi.
Dr. Butera yagaragaje ko ibibazo byo mu mutwe byiyongera cyane mu banyarwanda, by’umwihariko agahinda gakabije, ihungabana na trauma, ndetse n’ingaruka z’ibiyobyabwenge n’inzoga.
Yavuze ko uburezi n’ubufasha bwo mu miryango bifite uruhare runini mu gukumira no guhangana n’ibi bibazo.
Mu rwego rwo guteza imbere iyi serivisi, abakozi b’ubuzima bo mu turere bahuguwe gutahura no kuvura abarwayi, ibitaro by’uturere byongereye umubare w’imiti ikoreshwa, kandi serivisi z’ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe zashyizwe mu rwego rw’akazi ka buri munsi mu mavuriro y’ibanze.
Jane Abatoni Gatete, umuyobozi wa ARCT-Ruhuka, asaba ko serivisi z’ubujyanama ziyongerwa kandi ko umuryango n’abaturage bafatanya mu gukemura ibibazo by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe.
Dr. Butera yemeza ko nubwo hari intambwe imaze guterwa, hari ibibazo bikiriho birimo 'stigma', kubura serivisi zihagije mu cyaro, no gukenera imbaraga zituruka mu nzego zose za Leta, abikorera n’imiryango. Ati: “Trauma ishobora kwambukiranya mu miryango, ariko hari n’ibyiza byo gukomera ku mutima bishobora kwigishwa no gushingirwa ku bufatanye bwa buri wese.”
Yatangaje kandi ko umuntu umwe muri batanu mu Rwanda aba yarahuye n’ikibazo
cy’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe.
Agahinda gakabije kari
kuri 11,9%, ubwoba bukabije 8,1%, Ihungabana riri kuri 3,6%, uburwayi bukomeye
bwo mu mutwe buri kuri 1,3%, imyitwarire idasanzwe ibangamira abandi muri
sosiyete ikaba kuri 0,8%, mu gihe imyitwarire iganisha ku kwiyahura igera kuri
0,5%.
Bipolar Disorder
(uburwayi bwo mu mutwe butera impinduka zidasanzwe mu mitekerereze y’umuntu,
imbaraga, urwego rw’ibikorwa n’ibindi yo iri kuri 0,1%.
Igice cya kabiri kigizwe
no gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge n’inzoga biri kuri 1,9% mu gihe uburwayi bw’igicuri
buri ku kigero cya 2,9%.
Imibare y’abafite ibibazo
bijyanye n’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe hashingiwe ku myaka igaragaza ko abafite hagati
y’imyaka 26-35 ari 21%, abafite imyaka 45-55 bangana na 26,9%. Aba nibura baba
baragize iki kibazo rimwe mu buzima bwabo.
Zimwe mu mpamvu ziza ku
isonga mu kuba intandaro y’ibibazo by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, harimo imiterere
y’abantu muri rusange, Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda, amakimbirane yo mu
miryango n’ikoreshwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge.
Imibare y’Ikigo
cy’Igihugu cy’Ubuzima, RBC, yo mu 2022/2023, yagaragaje ko mu gihugu hose icyo
gihe, abagera ku 3305 buri kwezi bisuzumishaga indwara zikomoka ku bibazo byo
mu mutwe.
Kugeza ubu hari ubwoko
bw’imiti 14 buboneka kuri Post de Sante, igera kuri 20 iboneka ku bigo
nderabuzima mu gihe irenga 45 iboneka ku bitaro by’uturere ivuye kuri 15 byari
bifite 2015.
Abivuza ibibazo byo mu
mutwe nabo bariyongereye kuko nko muri 2022-2023 bari 49.000 bavuye kuri 33.000
muri 2019. Igice kinini cyabo bivuriza ku bigo nderabuzima, abivuriza ku bitaro
bikuru ni 9000, abivuriza ku bitaro by’uturere 6000, mu gihe abivuriza mu
bitaro byigenga bagera kuri 600.
Muri gahunda yo kongera
abaganga nibura guhera mu 2023 buri mwaka hinjizwa abiga ibijyanye no kwita ku
buzima bwo mu mutwe bagera kuri 300 bavuye kuri 60 biganjemo abaforomo
n’abaganga.
Zimwe mu mbogamizi
zigaragazwa zishingiye ahanini ku kwerura abantu bakavuga ibibazo bafite,
gutinya, kudashaka gufunguka ku bijyanye n’amarangamutima, abakozi bake, imiti,
imyumvire n’ibindi.
Ibi byerekana ko u Rwanda rugeze kure mu guteza imbere ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, ariko kandi hakenewe imbaraga nyinshi ngo serivisi zigerweho na bose kandi zirusheho kunozwa.
Umunyamabanga wa Leta
muri Minisiteri y’Ubuzima, Dr. Yvan Butera, yatangaje ko nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, urwego rw'ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe rwateye imbere ariko hakiri urugendo rusaba ubufatanye