‘Operation’ 5 karahabutaka za gisirikare zitazibagirana mu mateka y’isi harimo n'iyakozwe n’ingabo z’u Rwanda

Ibikorwa bya gisirikare byateguranwe ubwenge, umurava, ishyaka ndetse n’amayeri akomeye kandi bikaba mu ibanga rikomeye byatumye ibintu byinshi bihinduka ku isi abari ibikomerezwa bacishwa bugufi, imbohe zisubizwa ubwigenge ndetse ibyihebe bibona ingororano yabyo byose bishingiye ku bwenge buhambaye bwakoreshejwe hamwe n’ibikoresho byihariye bya gisirikare.

5. Operation Kitona yakozwe n’ingabo z’u Rwanda muri Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo (RDC)

Ntabwo ari intambara nyinshi zarwanywe muri Afrika zigarukwaho ngo amayeri n’ubuhanga zifashishije bigarukweho binigishwe mu mashuli ya gisirikare nk’uko byagenze ku gikorwa cya gisirikare cyakozwe mu ntambara ya kabiri ya Congo kikitwa ‘Kitona Operation’. Ubuhanga bwo kwihutisha intambara no gupakira ingabo zigezwa mu ntera ndende inyuma y’imirongo y’umwanzi no  kwikura mu mutego hakoreshejwe ikibuga cy’indege ku butaka bw’umwanzi abasirikare b’u Rwanda bakagaruka i Kigali byagizwe indahiro muri iyi ntambara.

Inkomoko kuri iyi operation ikomoka ku ntambara yo mu 1996 ubwo hatangizwaga urugamba rwo gukura Bwana Mobutu Sese Seko wayoboraga Zaire ku butegetsi akaza gusimburwa na Bwana Laurent Desire KABILA.

Nyuma yo gufashwa kugera ku butegetsi n’Ingabo z’u Rwanda, Bwana Laurent Desire Kabila yaje kwihinduka abamufashije atandukira igihango cy’inshuti z’urugamba atangira kubatoteza, yiyibagije ko muri bo harimo n’umugaba w’ingabo ze bwana General James Kabarebe wari ugifite ipeti rya Colonel.

Byatangiye taliki ya 13 Nyakanga 1998 ubwo Bwana Laurent Desire Kabila yirukanaga Gen. James Kabarebe ku mwanya w’Umugaba Mukuru w’ingabo za Kongo-Kinshasa yari amazeho imyaka ibiri (1996-1998). Muri iki gihe Laurent Desire Kabila yatangije ibikorwa byo kubiba amacakubiri mu basirikare ba Kongo yo kwanga abasirikare bavuga ururimi rw’ikinyarwanda cyane cyane abakomoka mu Rwanda, aha abasirikare benshi barishwe basukwa mu ruzi rwa Kongo ruhinduka umutuku.

Ku ya 03 Kanama 1998 ni bwo abasirikare birukanwaga i Kinshasa barimo abo mu Rwanda, Uganda, n’u Burundi bageze i Goma hafi y’umupaka w’u Rwanda batangira kuyigarurira n’inkengero zayo ari nako banisuganya.

Mu rukerera rwo ku ya 04 Kanama 1998 ubwo Itsinda ry’Abasirikare b’u Rwanda, ahanini bari biganjemo abo muri batayo ya 19 bayobowe na Gen. James Kabarebe (icyo gihe wari Colonel) hamwe n'abagande barashishaga ibibunda bya Rutura bashoboye kwigarurira ikibuga cy’Iidege cya Kitona n’ikigo cya gisirikare cya Kitona. Ikibuga ndetse n’Ikigo cya Gisirikare cya Kitona biherereye mu bilometero 1500 uvuye i Goma no mu bilometero 320 uvuye mu Mujyi wa Kinshasa. Nyuma yo gufata Kitona aba basirikare bagiye bafata n’utundi duce dutandukanye hafi kugera Kinshasa.

Muri uru rugamba Kabila yahungiye mu Mujyi wa Lubumbashi nyuma yo kubona ko byamukomeranye, ahita yitabaza ibindi bihugu by’umwihariko ibihuriye mu Muryango w’Iterambere ry’Ubucuruzi muri Afurika y’Amajyepfo (SADC) asaba inkunga mu bya gisirikare.

Ku ya 17 Kanama, abanyamuryango batatu ba SADC barimo Zimbabwe, Angola na Namibia bamuhaye inkunga ndetse bohereza ingabo muri Kinshasa zabafashije kwigiza inyuma ingabo zashakaga kumukura ku butegetsi zari zibumbiye muri Rally for Congolese Democracy (RCD).

Ku ya 23 Kanama, uwari Perezida wa Angola, José Eduardo Dos Santos, yatangaje ko ingabo ze zigera ku 2500 zari zitwaje intwaro za rutura n’indege z’intambara zigiye gucunga Kinshasa.

Ingabo za RCD zigijwe inyuma zisubira mu misozi zijya gutegura urugamba rushya rwaje kurangira ziguye gitumo abasirikare ba Angola bagera kuri 400 bari barinze ikibuga cy’indege cya Maquela do Zombo muri Angola mu gitero cyagabwe muri Nzeri 1998. Operation Kitona n’ubwo iri mu zizagarukwaho, bivugwa ko iri mu zashoboye kwerekana ubuhanga buhambaye bwo kurwana ku rwego rwo hejuru.

Ni igikorwa cyagizwemo uruhare n’Abasirikare bakabakaba 500 ariko bagaragaje ukunyaruka no kwigarurira ibice bitari bike bya Congo birimo nk’inganda za peteroli za Muanda, urugomero rw’amashanyarazi rwa Matadi ndetse n’Ikibuga cy’Indege cya Ndjili mu gihe gito.

4. Operation Nimrod kuri Ambassade ya Iran I London

Iyi ni Operation karahabutaka yakozwe n’amatsinda abiri yo mu ngabo zidasanzwe zirwanira mu kirere z’u Bwongereza zizwi ku kazina ka The British Special Air Force. Iyi operation ifite agashya gatandukanye n’izindi nyinshi zabaye kuko mu gihe yabaga, yacaga imbonankubone kuri za Televiziyo zikomeye ku isi muri icyo gihe.

Iyi Operation yatangijwe n’ibyihebe bigera kuri bitandatu byakomokaga muri Iran mu itsinda ryitwa Democratic Revolutionary Movement for the Liberation of Arabistan (DRMLA) byari bimaze gufata bugwate abaturage bagera kuri 21 muri Ambassade ya Iran mu murwa mukuru w’u Bwongereza i London. Ibi byihebe byamaranye aba baturage iminsi igera kuri 6, kuva ku wa 31 Mata kugeza ku wa 05 Gicurasi 1980. Ibi byihebe byasabaga ko Ubwongereza ko bwabwira Iran ikarekura imbohe 91 yari ifunze maze nabyo bikarekura imbohe ntacyo bizitwaye.

Nyuma y'uko ibiganiro Guverinoma y’u Bwongereza yagiranaga n’ibyihebe ntacyo bigezeho, maze ibyihebe bigafata umwanzuro wo gutangira kwica imbohe ako kanya kuko imbohe ebyiri zahise zicwa. Ubwongereza bwahise bwohereza abakomando kabuhariwe 30 maze bamanukira mu bisenge bya Ambassade ya Iran bahangana bikomeye n’ibyihebe.

Kuri za camera mu mihanda itandukanye ku isi yose ibyihebe byishwe imusubirizo harokokamo umwe wenyine, nyuma aza gufatwa akatirwa imyaka 27. Ni operation yabaye mu gihe kigera ku minota 17 gusa ariko yari iy’amaraso.

3. Operation Neptune Spear yo kwivugana Ossama Bin Laden

Rob O’Neill ni we musirikare warashe amasasu yahitanye Osama Bin Laden

Iki ni igikorwa cya Gisirikare cyahitanye icyihebe Osama Bin Laden ku wa 01 Gicurasi 2011 kidateze na rimwe kuzibagirana mu mateka y’isi. Ni igitero cyakozwe ndetse kinakoreshwamo abasirikare bo mu itsinda karahabutaka 'The Naval Warfare Development Group' ryo mu Ngabo za Amerika zizwi nka Navy Seal zijya gutabara aho rukomeye.

Bin Laden yari yarabuze igihe kinini n'uko nyuma aza kuboneka nyuma y'uko abashinzwe ubutasi muri Amerika bakurikiranye umwe mu bantu bamutwariraga ubutumwa nyuma y'imyaka hafi makumyabiri bamuhiga baramubuze. Nyuma y'uko bimenyekanye ko Bin Laden yihishe i Abbottad muri Pakisitani, Perezida Obama yahuye n'abajyanama bakuru mu by’umutekano mu gihugu kugira ngo bategure gahunda yo kumuhitana. Mu byumweru bitandatu byakurikiyeho, we n'abajyanama bahuye inshuro enye.

ku ya 1 Gicurasi 2011 iri tsinda rya Navy Seals DEVGRU bafashe urugendo berekeza I ABbottabad mu birometero 500 uturutse ku mupaka wa Pakistan na Afghanistan bari mu ndege ya Kajugujugu yo mu bwoko bwa Black Hawk nyuma yo kubona amakuru ahagije y’iperereza. Barahageze ku nyubako yarimo babanza guturitsa urukuta kugirango babashe ku injira arinako bahangana n’abarinzi bari hanze. Mu igorofa rya mbere niho batsinze wa mugabo wamushyiraga amakuru maze barakomeza barazamuka bageze mu igorofa rya gatatu bahasanga Bin Laden ashatse ku barwanya bamurasa amasasu atatu y’umuzinga agwa aho ngaho.

2. Operation Thunderbolt ku kibuga cy’indege cya Entebbe muri Uganda

Iki ni igitero cyakozwe n’umwe mu mitwe y’Abakomando kabuhariwe witwa Seyaret Maktal wo mu ngabo za Israel, wakunze kuvugwaho kugaba ibitero bikaze hanze y’igihugu cyabo. Kuwa 27 Kanama 1976 ni bwo ibyihebe byo mu mutwe wa Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) waharaniraga kubohoza Palestine byashimuse indege ya kompanyi Air France yari ivuye Tel-Aviv igana i Paris, ariko igomba kunyura i Athens mu Bugereki.

Mu bagenzi binjiriye i Athens harimo ibyihebe bine, bibiri byo mu mutwe wiyitaga uwa rubanda uharanira kubohora Palestine ariko warwaniraga hanze y’igihugu (PFLP-EO), ukayoborwa na Wadie Haddad, ibindi bibiri byari Abadage Wilfried Böse na Brigitte Kuhlmann, bo mu mutwe w’iterabwoba German Revolutionary Cells.

Ibi byihebe bikimara kwinjira mu ndege bahise bayishimuta barayiyobya bayerekeza i Benghazi muri Libya bahamara amasaha arindwi bongeramo amavuta. Icyo gihe abayobeje indege barekuye umunya-Israel wavukiye mu Bwongereza, Patricia Martell batekerezaga ko ashobora kugira ibibazo by’ubuzima bitewe n'uko yari atwite.

Ibi byihebe byasabye miliyoni eshanu z’amadorali kugira ngo birekure iyi ndege ndetse bongeraho ko Israel igomba kurekura imfungwa 53 z’abanya-Palestine harimo ibyihebe 40 bigenzi byabyo n’abandi 13 baturuka mu bindi bihugu.

Impande zombi zananiwe gufata umwanzuro maze ibyihebe bihita bihagurutsa indege. Yavuye Benghazi nka saa 3:15 z’umugoroba kuwa 28 Kanama, nyuma y’amasaha arenga 24 ihagurutse i Tel Aviv igera ku kibuga cya Entebbe muri Uganda ku bufasha bwa Idi Amini Dada wayiyoboraga. Bageze Uganda abagenzi baciwemo ibice abanya Israheli bajyanwa ukwabo n’abatari abo muri Israheli bashyirwa ukwabo. Nyuma y’iminsi ibiri imbohe 148 zitarimo abanya Isiraheli burijwe indege bajya mu Bufaransa

Isiraheli yahise itegura abakomando 100 bari bayobowe na Lt Colonel Yonatani Netanyahu Mukuru wa Minisitiri w’Intebe wa Isiraheli uyu munsi. Bahagurutse mu rukerera ku kibuga cy'indege cya Tel-Aviv berekeza muri Uganda ku butumburuke bwo hasi kugira ngo Radar yo mu Misiri itababona.

Ingabo za Israel zageze ku kibuga cya Entebbe kuwa 3 Nyakanga saa tanu z’ijoro, zitwaje imodoka y’umukara ya Mercedes yasaga neza n’iyatwaraga Idi Amin n’izindi za Land Rovers zakundaga kumuherekeza zibasha guca ku burinzi.

Igitero cyose cyamaze iminota 53, kubohora abantu bitwara 30 gusa. Ibyihebe byose byarishwe ndetse n’abasirikare ba Uganda bari hagati ya 33 na 45 baricwa. Abari bafashwe bugwate bagera ku 102 basubijwe muri Israel banyuze i Nairobi muri Kenya.

Mu mirwano itaramaze igihe kinini, abakomando batanu ba Israel barakomeretse ndetse uwari ubayoboye, Yonatan Netanyahu ahasiga ubuzima. Na n’ubu iyi operation iri mu zigwa cyane mu mashuri ya Gisirikare ku Isi yose.

1. Operation Trojan Horse

Iyi ni imwe muri operation za gisiikare za kera zikomeye zabayeho ku isi zakoranywe ubuhanga butangaje, ubwenge ndetse n’amayeri ahambaye. Umujyi wa Troie wari umwe mu mijyi irinzwe cyane ku isi mu kinyejana cya 12 mbere y’ivuka rya Yezu ku buryo byari byarashobeye Abagereki uko bazawinjiramo ngo bawutere bawigarurire nk'uko babikoraga ku yindi mijyi.

Bimaze kubashobera abasirikare b'Abagereki bahimbye umutwe wo guha impano Umwami Priam wayoboraga Troie. Babaje ifarashi nini mu biti maze imbere barayifukura ku buryo hajyamo abantu benshi cyane. Ku munsi wo kuyimushyiramo imbere hagendeyemo abakomando kabuhariwe b’Abagereki 30 binjira umujyi gutyo. Ubwo kandi hari mu kinyejana cya 12 mbere y’Ivuka rya Yezu hatagira n’ugirango ni vuba aha.

Baca umugani mu Kinyarwanda ngo “Nyakibi ntarara bushyitsi”. Muri iryo joro, ba bakomando basohotse bucece muri cya kibumbano, baromboka bakingura imiryango y’inzugi z’imitamenwa z’inkike zari zigose umujyi wa Troie ubundi abasirikare bene wabo b’Abagiriki bari bategerereje hanze aho si ukuwirohamo bivayo basenya kandi batwika ikintu cyose cyari muri uwo mujyi.  Iyi Operation bamwe bavuga ko isa n’idashoboka, abandi bakavuga ko yakoranywe ubwenge kabuhariwe.

Src: special-ops.org, military.com, jsou.libguides.com & ndupress.ndu.edu