Amateka atangaje ya José Mujica Perezida wa mbere ufatwa nk’umukene kurenza abandi babayeho mu mateka y’Isi

José Mujica azwi nka Perezida wicishaga bugufi ku isi. José Albelto Cordano Mujica yavutse ku ya 20 Gicurasi 1935 i Montevideo, muri Uruguay. Amazina ye yose ni José Alberto 'Pepe' Mujica Cordano. Se ni Demetrio Mujica naho nyina Lucy Cordano yari umukobwa w’abimukira b'Abataliyani. 

Demetrio Mujica yakoraga nk'umuhinzi, maze mu 1940 aza kwitaba Imana Icyo gihe, José Mujica yari afite imyaka itanu gusa. Urupfu rwa se rutunguranye rwasize umuryango mu bibazo bikomeye by'ubukungu, akurira mu buzima bugoye, bituma atangira gusiganwa ku magare aho kuva ku myaka 13 kugeza kuri 17, yitabiriye amasiganwa menshi yo gusiganwa ku magare mu makipe menshi ari ho agenda akura igitunga umuryango.

Kuva mu myaka y'ubwangavu, José Mujica yagize uruhare runini mu Ishyaka ry'igihugu. Mu mwaka wa 1966, yinjiye mu mutwe mushya wa MLN-Tupamaros, umutwe w’impinduramatwara witwaje intwaro watewe inkunga na Revolution yo muri Cuba. Nyuma y'imyaka itatu, agerageza kwigarurira umujyi wa Pando, yayoboye itsinda ry’inyeshyamba za MLN.

Mu 1970, José Mujica yarashwe n'abapolisi inshuro esheshatu mu kabari ka Montevideo agerageza kwanga gutabwa muri yombi. Mujica yarokotse mu buryo bw'igitangaza. Yongeye gufatwa umwaka ukurikira ariko abasha gutoroka bidatinze. Mujica, hamwe n'abandi bantu 100, batorotse gereza ya Punta Carretas bacukura umwobo bawucamo baragenda.

Mu kwezi kumwe amaze gutoroka, Mujica yongeye gufatwa ashyirwa mu buroko. Yongeye gutoroka gereza gusa nanone yongera gufatwa mu 1972. Nyuma yo gufatwa mu 1972, yamaze imyaka 13 muri gereza yari indiri y'ibyaha. Muri kiriya gihe, Mujica yagombaga guhura n’ubugome bwinshi . Yarwaye ububabare bwo mu mutwe kandi yamaze igihe kinini muri kasho.

Mu 1985, hamwe n’abandi bagororwa babarirwa mu bihumbi, José Mujica yavuye muri gereza hashingiwe ku itegeko ry’imbabazi. José Mujica yazamutse mu ntera maze atorerwa kuba Depite mu matora rusange yo mu 1994. Mu 1999, yagizwe umusenateri. Mu mwaka wa 2005, yagizwe Minisitiri w’ubworozi, ubuhinzi n’uburobyi na Perezida Tabaré Vázquez. Yakomeje kuba Minisitiri kugeza abaminisitiri bahindutse mu mwaka wa 2008.

Muri 2008, 'Broad Front' yatoye Mujica nk'umukandida wabo wa Perezida. Nyuma yo gutsinda uwahoze ari Perezida Luis Lacalle Herrera no gutsinda amatora mu 2009, Mujica yarahiriye kuba Perezida wa Uruguay ku ya 1 Werurwe 2010.

Mu gihe yari Perezida, ingengabitekerezo ya politiki ya José Mujica yahindutse kuva mu idini rya Orotodogisi ihinduka Pragmatiste. Yakunzwe cyane muri rubanda kubera imyitwarire ye myiza kandi yoroheje. Yari Perezida uzwiho kuvuga ururimi rw'abaturage. 

Akimara gutorerwa kuba Perezida, yahise akemura amakimbirane yari amaze igihe kinini muri Uruguay no hagati ya Arijantine na Uruguay. Uburyo bw'ubwiyunge kuri Guverinoma ya Arijantine n'imibanire myiza y'abantu na mugenzi we wo muri Arijantine, Cristina Kirchner, byagaragaye ko ari ibintu by'ingenzi mu gukemura amakimbirane.

Bimwe mu bikorwa bya Perezida José ni ukwemeza kugurisha kwa marijuwana kugenzurwa na leta no kwemeza gushyingiranwa kw'abahuje ibitsina. Intambwe itavugwaho rumwe yo kwemeza marijuwana yafashwe hagamijwe kurwanya ibyaha bifitanye isano n’ibiyobyabwenge n’ibibazo by’ubuzima.

José Mujica yagizwe Perezida w’umuryango w’ubucuruzi wa Mercosur umwaka umwe mu 2011 ndetse anaba Perezida w’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Ibihugu by’Amerika y'Epfo kuva mu 2014 kugeza mu 2015 ariho yavuye ku butegetsi nka Perezida.

José Mujica yanze ko Itegeko Nshinga rihinduka ngo yiyamamariza manda ya kabiri ya Perezida, ibyafashije Tabaré Vázquez gusubira ku mwanya wa Perezida mu matora yo mu 2014. Manda ya Perezida wa José Mujica yarangiye ku ya 1 Werurwe 2015.

Mu mwaka wa 2012, Perezida Mujica yatorewe igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel. José Mujica yahawe impamyabumenyi ihanitse yaturutse mu bihugu bine - 'Grand Collar of the National Order of Merit' ya Paraguay mu 2010, 'Grand Collar of the Order of the Sun' of Peru mu 2011, 'Order of the Aztec Eagle 'yo muri Mexico muri 2014 na' National Order of San Lorenzo 'yo muri uquateur muri 2014.

José Mujica, uzwi ku izina rya 'El Pepe', ni umuntu wiyita ko atemera Imana. Nyuma y'imyaka myinshi yo kubana neza, yashakanye na Lucía Topolansky mu mwaka wa 2005 bari kumwe magingo aya. Nta mwana bafite bibanira babana n'imbwa zabo mu murima uciye bugufi uri mu nkengero za Montevideo. 

Jose Mujica yagendega mu modoka ya $1,800 (Mu manyarwanda ntabwo agera kuri Miliyoni ebyiri)

Perezida, José Mujica ni we wabayeho nk’umuperezida wiyoroshya cyane ku isi. Yanze kuguma mu ngoro ya Perezida cyangwa gukoresha serivisi z'abakozi bayo. Yatanze 90% y'umushahara we ku bakene kandi ayobora ubuzima bwe bworoshye yemera kwitwa umukene kandi ari Perezida.

José Mujica, ku buyobozi nka Perezida yahembwaga 12,000 by’amadolari ya Amerika, 90% y'umushahara we agahita ayaha abakene. Uburinzi bw’uyu mukuru w’igihugu bwari bugizwe n’abantu babiri (Guards) n’itsinda ry’imbwa ze eshatu (yise Manuela) yagendaga mu modoka itangaje mu zihendutse cyane. 

Akiri Perezida ntiyitaga ku byo kugaragara neza mu myambarire, ibyatumaga bamuvugaho byinshi ngo ntiyiyitaho, ariko we ibyo ntabwo abyitaho kugeza magingo aya. Kuri we icy’ingenzi si ukubona amadolari menshi, ahubwo icyari kimuraje ishinga nk’umuyobozi cyari imibereho myiza y’abatuye igihugu ayobora. 

Mu 2015, umutungo we wose wabarirwaga mu $188,025 wayashyira mu manyarwanda akaba Miliyoni 176 Frw. Nyuma y’akazi nk’umukuru w’igihugu, Jose Mujica ubu ni umuhinzi w’indabo.

Ni we mu Perezida ku Isi wabaye mu buzima buciriritse cyane 

Src: Wikipedia & sunsigns.org