Umuntu akira Coronavirus byagenze gute? Menya uko ubwirinzi bw’umubiri buhangana n'iyi virus

Covid-19 ni ubwoko bwa virus iri mu cyiciro kimwe n'iy'ibicurane kuko zose zifata mu myanya y’ubuhumekero, gusa umwihariko wayo ni uko ifite imbaraga ziruta iz'ibicurune. Covid-19 ni indwara yatangiye kwamamara mu ntangiriro z’Ukuboza 2019 mu gihugu cy’u Bushinwa mu mujyi wa Wuhan.

Bimwe mu bibazo wakwibaza kuri iyi ndwara:

1.      Kuki abantu bakuru iyi ndwara ya Covid-19 ibibasira cyane?

2.      Kuki hari abantu bari gukira coronavirus abandi ikabahitana?

3.      Ni gute umuntu arwanya virus yinjiye mu mubiri cyangwa ni ryari imuzahaza?  

4.      Ese imikorere y’abasirikare b’umubiri irahambaye ? Ese yaba ari ingenzi ?  

Imikorere y’abasirikare b’umubiri

Immune cyangwa ubwirinzi bw’umubiri, ni utunyangingo dushinzwe kurwanya ikintu cyose kije mu mubiri w’umuntu. Mu yandi magambo ni nka Batayo y’ingabo zirinda umubiri wose. Ni ukuvuga niba hari indwara cyangwa virusi yinjiye mu mubiri, iki gihe urugamba ruhita rutangira hagati y’ingabo z’umubiri n’iza ya virusi cyangwa indwara ivogereye umubiri.

Uko umuntu arwanya virus yinjiye mu mubiri n'igihe imuzahaza

Igihe virusi cyangwa indwara yamaze kwinjira mu mubiri w’umuntu, urugamba ruhita rutangira hagati y’ingabo z’umubiri n’iz'indwara yinjiye cyangwa virusi runaka. Igihe virus izatsinda, umuntu azaremba cyane, ariko basirikare cyangwa immune yawe nitsinda, indwara izahita igenda woroherwe.

Ikindi kintu kizakubwira ko umubiri wawe winjiriwe, uzasanga ugira umuriro mwinshi cyane ndetse hari n’abantu bahita bazana uduheri ku munwa. Gusa nanone ku bantu bazana utu duheri, cyane cyane ku barwaye Malariya, akenshi biba bimeze nk'ikimenyetso cy'intsinzi, aha biba byerekana ko abasirikare barwanye rwa rugamba rukomeye n’iyi ndwara.

Mu yandi magambo igihe umuntu ahinda umuriro ni ikimenyetso cy'uko urugamba ruba ruri kubera mu mubiri wawe ruba rukomeye hagati y’ingabo z’umubiri n'iz'indwara yaguteye cyangwa virusi yavogereye umubiri wawe.

Umuntu akira indwara igihe abasirikare be batsinze, gusa nanone iyo byanze abasirikare bawe basa n'abacogoye ni ho ujya kwa muganga cyangwa ukajyayo urugamba rukiri kuba hagati y'indwara n’abasirikare b’umubiri.

Iyo ugeze kwa muganga icyo bakora baguha imiti igenda igahita ihangara ya ndwara yari yakuzonze. Ibi bisa nk’igihe ingabo z'igihugu runaka zatsindwa ku rugamba cyangwa zacitse intege zigahita zibona uzitabara akazishoboza gutsinda rwa rugamba. Iki gihe kubera ba basirikare bawe b’umubiri bamaze kubona ubufasha, bahita bagarura agatege.   

Ku rundi ruhande, abasirikare b’umubiri hari uburyo ushobora kubongerera imbaraga binyuze mu kurya neza, gukora siporo by’umwihariro ukarya ibiryo bikungahaye kuri vitamin C, ikaba ikunze kuboneka mu mbuto n’imboga.

Bigenda gute ku ndwara zidafite umuti ndetse ntizigire n’urukingo?

Ku ruhande rw’indwara zitagira umuti cyangwa urukingo, ikibaho ni uko kwa muganga iyo uhageze bakora ibishoboka byose bagafasha umubiri wawe binyuze mu kuguha imiti ivura indwara cyangwa ikintu cyose cyatewe na ya ndwara cyangwa virusi.

Niba urwaye indwara ituma uhinda umuriro cyangwa ugira ububabare bw’umutwe, nibaguha ibinini bigabanya ubu buribwe cyangwa uyu muriro, bazaba bamaze guha imbaraga abasirikare bawe bari bacitse intege. Abasirikare bawe bazahita bagaruka kurwana ku bw'amahire nuba nta yindi ndwara wari usanganwe ubana nayo ihora mu ntambara n'abasirikare uzahita ukira cyangwa ubukana bwayo bugabanuke.

Urugero twavuga nka HIV, iriya miti batanga icyo ikora ituma abasirikare b’umubiri badatsindwa neza ikabatiza umurindi wo gukomeza kurwana noneho umurwayi ntihagire ikibazo agira. Naramuka aretse gufata iyi miti, abasirikare be bazahita bacika intege, ahite atangira kuzahara cyane ndetse bishobora no kurangira batsinzwe neza ari ho ya virusi izahita imuhitana cyangwa akazahara kubera ibyuririzi.  

Kuki hari abantu bari gukira coronavirus abandi ikabahitana?

Nk'uko tubikesha Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibimbye ryita ku buzima (OMS/WHO), ko iyi ndwara ya Covid-19 nta muti ifite ndetse nta n'urukingo ifite. Kugira ngo umuntu agere aho ayikira cyangwa ikamuhitana biterwa n’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri afite ndetse n’ubushobozi bafite nk'uko INYARWANDA yabitangarijwe n'umwe mu baganga bakorera i Kigali.

Yavuze ko impamvu 80% by'abamaze gupfa ari abantu bashaje ari ukubera ko ubwirinzi bwabo buba bushaje, naho ku bakiri bato iyo iyi ndwara igeze mu mibiri yabo, isanga ubwirinzi (abasirikare) bw’imibiri yabo bufite ingufu. Icyakora nabo harimo abo izahaza bitewe n’imirire ndetse n’imibereho cyangwa izindi ndwara baba basanzwe barwaye.

Kuki abantu bakuru iyi ndwara ibibasira cyane?

Impamvu ituma abantu bakuru ibibasira cyane, abasirikare b’imibiri yabo baba bananiwe ndetse benshi muri bo baba basanzwe barwaye indwara nyinshi ziri kuzirana na covid-19 aho twavugamo; indwara y'umutima, umuvuduko w’amaraso, diyabeti, kanseri n’indwara y’ibihaha ndetse n’izindi zizahaza zidapfa gukira. 

Izi ndwara ku muntu uzirwaye iyo Covid-19 imugezeho isanga ubwirinzi bwe buri hasi cyane ikamuzahaza ndetse kumuhitana bihita byoroha cyane, gusa nanone hari abayikira kandi bazifite, gusa ni bacye. Ku ruhande rw’abakiri bato nabo hari abo ihitana urugero nk'iyo nabo harimo ababa barwaye zimwe mu ndwara twabonye haruguru.

Iyo bageze kwa muganga igihe bafite covid-19 batararemba, icyo babakorera ni ukubaha imiti ibavura umuriro, inkorara ndetse n'imiti ituma babasha guhumeka neza. Ibi iyo bimaze koroha ba basirikare kubera nta kindi baba bari kurwana nacyo kandi bafite imbaraga, bahita babasha kurwana na covid-19 bikarangira bayitsinze.  

Src: WHO, cdc.gov, msutoday.msu.edu