Ikoranabuhanga: Intwaro yifashishijwe mu guhangana na COVID-19

Kuva aho urwego Mpuzamahanga rukurikirana iby’ Ubuzima rwemeje ko COVID-19 ari ikibazo, ibihugu ubwabyo byofashe ingamba zitandukanye. Icyo izi ngamba zahuriragaho, ni uko abantu bagombaga kutajya ahari abantu benshi, kwirinda igendo zidakenewe—baguma mu rugo—ndetse n’ izindi.

Gusa, hari n’ abandi bashishikarizwaga gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu byo bakora byose, kuko bwari uburyo bufasha kugabanya guhererekanya ubwanda—kwanduzanya. Uregero rwiza, ni nka Guverinoma y’ u Rwanda aho yashishikarije abaturage kwishyura ibyo bagura bakoresheje telefone zabo—bizwi nka Mobile Money.

Ubu buryo ndetse n’ ubundi bwose bwagiye bukoreshwa bigaragazwa ko bwongereye amahirwe yo kubaho ku bantu, kuko iyo bidakorwa bityo isakara ry’ icyorezo ryari kwikuba.

Ikoreshwa ry’ ikoranabuhanga ryashyizwemo imbaraga ahantu hose. Kuva mu ngo z’ abantu, kugera mu biro, mu masoko n’ amaduka, mu ngendo yaba izo ku butaka no mukirere, ndetse no mu mavuriro/bitaro. 

Benshi ntibahwema kugaragaza ko ibi bihe bya COVID-19 abantu bakuyemo amasomo menshi.

Iyi nkuru iragaragaza ahantu hagiye hakoreshwa ikoranabuhanga cyane, ndetse n’ ibikoresho by’ ikoranabuhanga byifashshjwe.

Ihaha hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya murandasi. Byari uburyo busanzwe guhaha hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga, aho watumaga ibyo ukeneye kuri telefone/mudasobwa, hanyuma bikakugeraho aho uri. 

Kamere y’ ubu buryo yaje gusa n’ ihindura imisusire yayo ubwo mu ntangiriro z’ uyu mwaka (2020) habonekaga covid-19. Bireka kuba igikorwa kiza kiri koroshya Ubuzima bwa benshi, biba itegeko, ndetse na bumwe mu buryo bukomeye bwo kwirinda isakara rya covid-19.

Mu bihugu bikomeye nk’ u Bushinwa ndetse na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, byari bisanzwe ko utumaho ibyo ukeneye, hanyuma bakabizana ukabyakira wowe ubwawe. Ariko byahinduriwe imikorere, kompanyi zikora iyi mirimo zikajya zibigeza aho bikenewe ariko ntibahure n’ uwabitumye.

Nk’ aho ibyo bidahagije, izi kompanyi zanatekereje kuba zashyiraho amarobo (robots), ngo ajye afata ibyo abakiriya basabye, hanyuma abibageze. Iki, cyari igitekerezo kiza kigamije gusigasira Ubuzima birinda ko hari uwakandura covid-19.

Kwishyura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga/hatabayeho guhanahana amafaranga cyangwa ngo abakora iki gikorwa babe bari kumwe. Byagaragajwe ko amafaranga ashobora kuba yajyaho virusi bityo abantu bakanduzanya mu gihe bayahererekanya.

Ibihugu nka Amerika na Koreya y’Epfo, byashyizeho uburyo bwo gusukura amafaranga mbere y’ uko ajya gukoreshwa n’ abaturage. Gusa, ubu buryo nabwo bwaje gusa n’ ubuta Agaciro, hanyuma abantu bisunga uburyo bwo kwishyura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga.

Hifashishijwe za telefone, amakarita ya banki, ndetse n’ ubundi buryo bwatumaga abantu batahererekanya amafaranga, uwaguze nibwo yakoreshaga ngo yishyure. Gusa, raporo ya Banki y’ Isi yo muri 2017, yerekana ko abantu bagera kuri muruyali 1.7 batagiraga konti muri Banki cyangwa ngo bakoreshe “Mobile Bank”.

Nko mu Rwanda, imibare yerekanye ko hifashishijwe kwishyura na “Mobile Money”, ikigero cyabyo cyazamutse kikagera kuri 450% hagati y’ ukwezi kwa Mutarama na Mata gusa. 

Gukorera mu rugo. COVID-19 yahatirije inzego zitandukanye kuba basaba abakozi kujya gukorera mu rugo, n’ ubwo inzego z’ ubutegetsi bwite za Leta zagiye zishyiraho gahunda za guma mu rugo (locdown).

Mu bakozi bagiye basabwa gukorera mu ngo zabo, hari abagiye bagaragaza ko hari imirimo itakorerwa mu rugo. Ku rundi ruhande, abashoboraga kuhakorera, barakoze hanyuma ibyo bakoze umunsi wose bigatangwa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga.

Mu bihe by’ inama cyangwa ibiganiro by’ abakozi n’ abakoresha babo, ntabwo urubuga nka WhatsApp rwabaga rufite umwanya. Ahubwo hifashishwaga uburyo bwa “Zoom, Google meet…”, n’ ubundi butandukanye bitewe n’ ubwo bahisemo.

Kwigira murugo. Amashuri nayo ari mu byafunzwe ku ikubitiro. Ibi, byagize ingaruka ku banyeshuri bagera kuri miriyali 1.57. kuva ubwo amashuri yari afunzwe, ibigo byashyizeho uburyo bwo kwigishiriza kuri murandasi.

Kwigira kuri murandasi, nabyo byari bimeze nko gukorera murugo. Wasangaga uburyo bwa mudasobwa bwifashishwa ngo abanyeshuri bakomeze amasomo yabo ahanini ari nabwo abakozi mu mirimo itandukanye aribwo nabo bakoreshaga.

N’ ubwo hamwe na hamwe byagiye byanga bitewe n’ uko ikoranabuhanga ritagera kuri bose, ntibyabuzaga za guverinoma gushyiramo imbaraga, nk’ aho murandasi na mudasobwa bitabaye uburyo bwonyine bwo kwiga, ahubwo hakaza na radiyo ndetse na televiziyo.

Mu nzego z’ Ubuzima. Uru ni urwego rwari imbere mu rugamba rwo guhangana na covid-19. Birumvikana ko inzego z’ Ubuzima ku isi yose zari zikeneye ikoranabuhanga, kandi ryigiye hejuru.

Birenze ku ikoranabuhanga inzego z’ Ubuzima zari zisanzwe zifite, ahenshi hiyongeyeho ikoreshwa ry’ amarobo (robots), aho yifashishwaga mu gupima, ndetse n’ indi mirimo yabaga ikenewe.

Uretse ibi, ibigo ndetse n’ impuguke mu by’ ikoranabuhanga, hashyizwemo imbaraga ngo hakorwe uburyo bukoreshwa muri za telefone ngo hajye hatahurwa uwaba afite ibimenyetso bya covid-19.

Sibyo gusa, kuko nko mu rwego rwo gutera imiti yica udukoko (virusi), hari aho inzego z’ Ubuzima zagiye zifashisha indege ntoya zitagira abapirote zizwi nka “drones”. Gusa, izi ndege zanakoreshwaga mu buryo bwo kujyana ibikoresho.

Ku ngingo y’ Ubuzima hagiye habaho ubuvumbuzi bwinshi, cyane ko ibihe abantu bariho bacamo basabaga ko haboneka uburyo burushije ubwabaga buhari kurinda abantu. Udupfukamunwa dukoresha amashanyarazi, uburyo bwo gupima covid-19 bwihuse, ndetse n’ ibindi, ibi byose byari ku bw’ ikoranabuhanga.

Ubu isi ihanze amaso umuti cyangwa urukingo rw’ iki cyorezo. Ntawahakana ko ikoranabuhanga rifite uruhare runini mu kuzagera kuri kimwe muri ibyo.

Kugeza uyu munsi, ntawajya ahabona ngo apfobye uruhare rw’ ikoranabuhanga mu guhangana n’ icyorezo cya covid-19. 

Imibare dukesha Kaminuza ya Johns Hopkins, yerekana ko ku Isi abamaze kwandura COVID-19 ari miliyoni 25.4, naho abo yahitanye bakaba ari 850,596.

Src: Johns Hopkins University, The New Times, Weforum,