Umuti w’impuguke mu bukungu ku kibazo cy’ubushomeri cyugarije abiganjemo urubyiruko mu Rwanda

Iyi mibare, ikubiye mu cyegeranyo cya 23 cyakozwe na Banki y'Isi, ishami ry'u Rwanda ku ishusho y'ubukungu kizwi nka 'Rwanda Economic Update' cyashyizwe ahagaragara tariki 17 Nzeri 2024. Hagaragaramo ko mu myaka itatu ishize, ubushomeri mu Rwanda bwagabanutseho 7%, kuko bwageze munsi ya 15% mu ntangiriro z'uyu mwaka wa 2024.

Muri iki cyegeranyo, hagaragaramo ko ubucuruzi buranguza n'ubudandaza bwihariye 13% bw'imirimo mishya igera ku 500,000 yahanzwe hagati ya 2021-2023, mu gihe ubwubatsi bwihariye 10%, naho ubwikorezi n'inganda bukiharira 6%.

Nubwo bimeze bitya ariko, haracyumvikana ikibazo cy'ubushomeri cyane cyane mu rubyiruko, aho usanga babura imirimo yo gukora bakishora mu bikorwa bitabafitiye akamaro ndetse rimwe na rimwe byangiza n'ubuzima bwabo.

Impuguke mu by'ubukungu bw'u Rwanda, zibona ikibazo kikigaruka ku babyeyi bajya mu mirimo bagasiga abana babo mu rugo, aho kubatoza gukora hakiri kare bakabagurira za telefoni birirwaho umunsi wose bareba ibintu kenshi usanga bitabafitiye n'akamaro.

Aba basesengura iby'ubukungu, basanga Leta ikwiye gushyira imbaraga mu kwigisha urubyiruko imyuga kuko usanga hari amasomo ari kwigishwa muri iki gihe bigoranye ko uyarangije yabona akazi mu buryo bworoshye.

Basanga imyuga irimo ubuhinzi, ububaji, ubudozi n'iyindi yongerewemo ingufu, urubyiruko rwajya rushobora kubona uko rwihangira imirimo mu gihe batabashije kubona akazi kajyanye n'ibyo bize mu mashuri asanzwe.

Umwe muri bo, Dr. Bihira Canisius yabwiye InyaRwanda ati: "Mbese imyuga akaba ariyo ibanza, kurusha amasomo aya ngaya nyine adafite ibintu bifatika atanga. Amasomo biga akajyana n'imirimo ikoreshwa n'abanyagihugu kuko hari ibintu umunyeshuri yiga, ariko ugasanga narangiza ntaho azabibonera akazi. Nyamara hari abantu bakeneye umukozi uzi gukoresha nk'ibikoresho binyuranye by'ikoranabuhanga, ushoboye akazi gakenewe."

Yakomeje avuga ko ubutumwa bagenera urubyiruko ari ugukangukira umurimo. Ati: "Ni ukuvuga ko urubyiruko rwagombye gukora ikintu gitanga umusaruro, gitanga umushahara. Ariyo mpamvu rero njye narugira inama kugira ngo bakure amaboko mu mpuzu, bahaguruke bakorere igihugu, babone umushahara ubatunga kuko usanga muri iki gihe abantu bakuze ari bo bakora."

Iyi mpuguke, yavuze ko ikintu cyo kuba umwana asoza amashuri agahita ajya kuba muri benewabo gikwiye gucika, ahubwo agahaguruka agatangira gukora ikintu gishobora kumutunga.

Ati: "Ibihugu byose bitezwa imbere n'urubyiruko rukora akazi, nirwo ruba runafite ingufu, rufite ubwenge ndetse n'ubushobozi."

Yagaragaje ko nta muntu wari ukwiriye gukora akazi adahemberwa, hagatekerezwa no ku rubyiruko ruhora muri gahunda zo mu nsengero.

Ati: "N'umuntu wagiye muri iyo korali akaririmba neza n'ijwi akoresha aba akeneye kurya akananywa akananura umuhogo, akeneye umushahara."

Yongeyeho ko abona u Rwanda rukwiye gushora cyane mu nganda nk'imwe mu ngamba yo guhangana n'ikibazo cy'ubushomeri, kuko inganda niziyongera urubyiruko rwinshi ruzabona akazi ndetse n'umusaruro w'igihugu urusheho kwiyongera.

Imibare y'Ikigo cy'Igihugu cy'Ibarurishamibare yerekana ko kugeza muri Gicurasi uyu mwaka, abagera kuri 4,300,000 ari bo bafite akazi. Muri bo, abagera kuri 2,800,000 bagejeje igihe cyo gukora nibo bafite akazi gahoraho kuri 8,100,000 bagejeje igihe cyo gukora.

Muri gahunda y’igihugu yo kwihutisha iterambere mu cyiciro cyayo cya kabiri (NST2) izagenderwaho muri manda y’imyaka itanu ya Perezida Kagame, biteganijwe ko hazahangwa imirimo ibyara inyungu nibura miliyoni 1,25 ndetse buri mwaka hazajya hahangwa imirimo ibihumbi 250.

Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yatangaje ko mu myaka irindwi ishize hahanzwe imirimo mishya irenga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi 100, yakuye benshi mu bushomeri, ndetse ngo haracyashyirwa imbaraga mu guhanga indi mirimo mishya hagamijwe kurandura ubushomeri by’umwihariko mu rubyiruko.

Mu Nama y’Igihugu y’Umushyikirano ya 19 yabaye tariki 23-24 Mutarama 2024, Minisitiri w’Intebe Dr Edouard Ngirente yatangaje ko ku byerekeye guhanga imirimo, mu myaka irindwi byari biteganyijwe ko hazahangwa imirimo miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi 500.

Yavuze ko intego igihugu cyari cyihaye mu 2017 ari iyo guhanga imirimo nibura ibihumbi 200 buri mwaka.

Ati: “Ubu rero tukaba twarashoboye guhanga imirimo ingana na miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi 100. Urugendo ruracyari rurerure kuko abantu bakeneye akazi cyane cyane urubyiruko baracyahari, gufatanya rero n’abikorera tugahanga imirimo irenzeho myinshi ni urugendo rurerure ariko turarukomeza.

Guverinoma ikomeje gushyira imbaraga muri iyi gahunda ifatanyije n’inzego zose ku buryo ikibazo cy’ubushomeri nubwo kitaranduka burundu ariko twakigabanya.”

Imibare y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare igaragaza ko mu 2022, impuzandengo y’ubushomeri mu Banyarwanda yari kuri 20.5%, naho mu rubyiruko ubushomeri bwari buri kuri 25.6% muri uwo mwaka.

Iyi mibare yerekana ko mu bize Kaminuza ubushomeri bwari kuri 17.3%, mu basoje amashuri yisumbuye mu masomo rusange buri kuri 22.9% mu gihe ku bize imyuga n’ubumenyi ngiro bo ubushomeri bwari buri ku ijanisha rya 17.9%.