Tom Close yatanze umucyo ku bibazo byibazwa ku itangwa ry'amaraso mu Rwanda

Iyo utanze amaraso, ashobora kugabanywamo ibice bitandukanye birimo nk’insoro zitukura z’amaraso (Red blood cells), ‘Plasma’, ‘Platelets’ ndetse na ‘Fibrinogene’ byose bishobora bikenerwa bitandukanye bitewe n’uburwayi umuntu afite.

Ukoresha izina rya ‘Umusore wibana’ ku rubuga rwa X rwahoze rwitwa Twitter yibajije icyo bisaba kugira ngo amaraso ahabwe umurwayi nyuma y’uko hari abayatanze. 

Ni ikibazo gikunze kwibazwa na benshi, ndetse hari abataratera intambwe yo gutanga amaraso, kandi ari igikorwa cyiza kinafasha umubiri wawe.

Umuyobozi w'ikigo gishinzwe gutanga amaraso muri RBC, Dr. Muyombo Thomas [Tom Close] yasubije ko amaraso atangwa n’abantu banyuranye atagurishwa, kandi ko abarwayi bayakenera bayabona ku buntu nta kiguzi batanze.

Yavuze ati “Mu Rwanda amaraso ntabwo agurishwa. Abarwayi bayakeneye bayabona ku buntu nta kiguzi batanze. Gusa hari ibizame bitandukanye abarwayi bakorerwa n'ibitaro kugira ngo harebwe ingano hamwe n'ubwoko bw'amaraso bafite mbere yo kuyahabwa, ibi byo si ubuntu.”

Mu gushaka kumenya byinshi birushijeho mu bijyanye na gahunda yo gutanga amaraso n’icyo umuntu asabwa, InyaRwanda yagiranye ikiganiro cyihariye na Tom Close.

InyaRwanda: Ni inde ufite ubushobozi bwo gutanga amaraso?

Tom Close: Gutanga amaraso bisaba mbere na mbere kugira ubushake. Kuba ufite: Iibiro 50, uri hagati y’imyaka 18 – 65. Kuba uri muzima muri wowe nta ndwara wumva ufite. Kuba nta bwandu bw'indwara zandurira mu maraso nka Hiv, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C na Syphilis.

Kuba utarwaye Umwijima, impyiko, umutima, umuviduko ukabije w'amaraso cyangwa muke, igicuri, ibisazi n'izindi. Kuba utanywa ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa ubyitera mu mitsi.

InyaRwanda: Buri muntu wese ashobora gutanga amaraso?

Tom Close: Oya! By'umwihariko ku bagore kuba udatwite, utonsa umwana utarageza ku mwaka cyangwa uri mu mihango.

Iyo wikuje iryinyo, urwaye igisebe cy'umifunzo, wishyirishijeho tatoo cyangwa wipfumuje amatwi utegereza amezi atandatu. Iyo wikingije cyangwa ukirutse Marariya utegereza ibyumweru bibiri.

Iyo ufata imiti kubera uburwayi runaka nabwo hari igihe utegereza nyuma yo kunywa ikinini cya nyuma (ibisobanuro bitangwa hagendeye ku miti wanyoye n'impamvu wayinyoye).

Ibindi bisobanuro byose wakenera bitari muri ibi biri haruguru, ubihabwa n'umukozi ubishinzwe uba uri aho batangira amaraso.

Ibi byose byashyiriweho kurengera ubuzima b'utanga amaraso hamwe n'ubwumurwayi uzayahabwa.

InyaRwanda: Nyuma y'uko amaraso atanzwe, ni irihe suzuma abaganga bakora?

Tom Close: Nyum y'uko amaraso atanzwe apimwamo ibintu bikurikira: Ubwoko bwayo kugira ngo hamenywe uwo yahabwa bitewe n'ubwoko bw'amaraso ye.

Ubwandu bw'indwara zandurira mu maraso nka Sida, umwijima wo mu bwoko bwa B n'umwijima wo mu bwoko bwa C hamwe na mburugu.

Hashobora no gupimwamo indwara itari muri izi hagendewe ku kindi cyorezo cyanwa ubundi bwandu bw'indwara bushya bwagaragara mu gihugu.

InyaRwanda: Kuki gutanga amaraso ari ingenzi?

Tom Close: Gutanga amaraso ni ingenzi kuko akoreshwa nk'umuti kwa muganga. Ku isi nta ruganda rukora amaraso ku buryo yagurwa nk'uko indi miti itangwa kwa muganga irangurwa, ikabikwa hanyuma igahabwa uyikeneye ku kigero gikwiriye.  

Amaraso yo akorwa n'imibiri yacu kandi buriya iyakora mu buryo buhoraho no kubatayatanga. Umubiri uhora ukora amaraso mashya ndetse wangiza amaraso ashaje ukayakura mu yandi kugira ngo amashya ayakozwe abone uko atembera.

Gutanga amaraso rero nibwo buryo bwonyine butuma amaraso aboneka kwa muganga, abarwayi bayakeneye bakayahabwa.

InyaRwanda: Umurwayi ugiye uhabwa amaraso habanza kurebwa iki?

Tom Close: Umurwayi ugiye guhabwa amaraso habanza kurebwa niba koko ayakeneye. Ibyo bishingira ku bipimo by'ingano y'amaraso ye, iyo iri hasi y'igipimo cyagenwe, kandi bigaragara ko umubiri we udafite ubushobozi bwo gukora andi vuba, aba agomba guhita ahabwa amaraso kugira ngo atazahara akaba yanabura ubuzima.

Ikindi gihe umuntu ahabwa amaraso ni igihe arimo kuva cyane nk'igihe yakoze impanuka cyangwa yabyaye akava cyane.

InyaRwanda: Muri Gashyantare 2023, u Rwanda rwabaye urwa mbere muri Afurika mu gutanga amaraso, mwesheje uyu muhigo binyuze mu zihe nzira?

Tom Close: U Rwanda ni kimwe mu bihugu bitatu bifite serivise yo gutanga amaraso yujuje ubuziranenge ku rwego rwa mbere hagendewe ku mabwiriza y'ikigo nyafurika cyo gutanga amaraso (AfSBT). 

Ibindi ni Namibia hamwe na Tanzania. Uru rwego u Rwanda rwarugezeho muri 2018, twongera kurushimangira muri 2022.

Ubu buziranenge ni ubureba uko amaraso afatwa ku bayatanga, uko atwarwa, uko apimwa, uko akorwamo ibice biyagize, abikwa ndetse n’uko ahabwa ibitaro n'uko aterwa abarwayi.

Ibi ni urugendo ruhoraho kuko ibigize ubuziranenge bihinduka hashingiwe ku iterambere rishya mu byo gutanga amaraso.

Tom Close avuga ko Ikigo cy'Igihugu Gishinzwe Ubuzima (RBC), binyuze mu Ishami ryacyo ryo Gutanga Amaraso cyakira abifuza gutanga amaraso buri munsi guhera kuwa mbere kugeza ku wa gatanu, saa moya kugeza saa kumi nimwe ndetse na buri ku cyumweru cya mbere cy'ukwezi guhera saa tatu kugeza saa kumi ku bantu batabona umwanya mu minsi y'imibyizi.

Tom Close yasobanuye birambuye ibishingirwaho kugira ngo umuntu ahabwe amaraso ndetse n’uburyo abayakenera bayagezweho