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Kuki mu bihugu bikize abafite ubushobozi bucye ari bo barya ibiribwa byavuye mu nganda mu gihe mu bihugu bikennye biribwa n’abifite?

Yanditswe na: Soter Dusabimana
Taliki:28/10/2020 19:36
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Biratangaje mu bihugu bikize kurya ibiryo byakorewe mu nganda ni iby’abantu bafite ubushobozi bucye, mu gihe mu bihugu bikennye umusirimu wese arwanira kubirya. Menya ikibyihishe inyuma n’itandukaniro riri hagati y’ibiryo bitakorewe mu nganda n’ibitarahakorewe (by’umwimerere)



Uko umubare w’abatuye isi ugenda wiyongera buri munsi ni nako ibiribwa bikenerwa ari byinshi, ariko nanone ugasanga ahantu hari hagenewe guhingwa mu myaka yashize haragenda hakatwa ibibanza byo kubakwa mo amazu.

Muri iyi minsi, isi ihanganye n’ikibazo gikomeye cyane cy’iyangirika ry’ibidukikije bivuye ku mihindagurikire y’ikirere, kwandura kw’amazi n’umwuka bigakekwa ko ari nabyo biri gutera indwara z’ibyorezo ziyongera umunsi ku munsi. Kimwe mu bishyirwa mu majwi mu kwangiza ibidukikije n’ubuzima bw’abantu muri rusange, ikiza imbere harimo ibikorwa bya muntu nk’inganda n’ibindi.

Mu isi ya none usanga ibihingwa bikorerwa ibyitwa kubitubura, ngo bizakure vuba kandi bitange umusaruro uhagije, bigaterwa imiti ituma bikura vuba, bigaterwa iyica udukoko ndetse n’indi miti yifashishwa mu kubagara, hakiyongeraho n’amafumbire mvaruganda anyuranye.

Byinshi mu binyabutabire(Chemicals) biba bikoze iyo miti yose n’ayo mafumbire, bishobora kunyunyuzwa n’ibihingwa bibyitiranya n’intungagihigwa ziba mu mutaka zifasha igihingwa mu gukura.

Iyo igihingwa gisaruwe kijyanwa mu bubiko, nabwo kigaterwa indi miti izwi nka Chemical preservatives yo kugira ngo kibikwe igihe kirekire, nayo kandi ikaba ishobora kwinjira imbere mu gihingwa ikanashobora kwinjira mu muntu igihe ariye cya kiribwa.

Igihingwa rero gihinzwe mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga rihambaye, mbese cyaratubuwe, kigaterwa hakoreshejwe amafumbire yo mu nganda, kigaterwa imiti myinshi inyuranye mu murima ngo udusimba tutakirya, cyasarurwa kikajyanwa mu nganda kikongerwamo ibindi bintu bitari karemano, kijya kuribwa cyaratakaje umwimerere wacyo ahubwo ugasanga umuntu aririra ibinyabutabire gusa.

Ubu buryo bw’ubuhinzi bwifashisha ikoranabuhanga rihambaye bwitwa conventional farming mu ndimi z’amahanga. Naho ubuhinzi butifashisha ikoranabuhanga rihambaye, aho imyaka mu murima ifumbizwa ifumbire y’imborera, mu kubagara ntihakoreshwe ibinyabutabire, mbese ibihingwa ntibigire aho bihurira n’ibinyabutabire ibyo aribyo byose bwitwa gakondo mu bihugu byinshi, cyangwa se organic farming.

Muri ubu buhinzi, ibiribwa bisaruwe byitwa organic food ariko bikaba bihenda by’umwihariko ku masoko mpuzamahanga n’ayo mu bihugu byamaze gutera imbere mu bukungu.

Dore impamvu ibiribwa biboneka hatakoreshejwe imiti myinshi n’ikoranabuhanga rihambaye bihenda

Umuntu ashobora kwibwira ko guhinga mu buryo busa na gakondo aribyo byoroshye kurenza gukoresha amamashini n’imiti inyuranye, ariko nyamara mu bihugu bikize usanga ahubwo guhinga udakoresheje ikoranabuhanga ryinshi ari byo biba bihenze cyane kubera impamvu zinyuranye.

1.      Guhinga mu buryo gakondo bisaba abakozi benshi cyane

      Mu buhinzi bukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryinshi (conventional farming) hakoreshwa imiti myinshi mu kwica udukoko no kubagara, bigatuma imyaka yera vuba kandi neza bityo bikagabanya amafaranga agenda mu gutunganya umusaruro (cost of production).

Mu buhinzi budakoresha ikoranabuhanga ryinshi (organic farming) hakenerwa abakozi benshi bo kubagara cyangwa se kwita ku bihingwa mu bundi buryo kuko nta mashini ziba zikoreshwa hano.

Ibi rero bituma abahinzi bahinga mu buryo bwa organic farming bageza umusaruro wabo ku isoko ubahenze cyane nabo bakagurisha ku giciro kiri hejuru.

2.      Abaguzi ni benshi kuruta ibicuruzwa

Nk’uko byatangajwe n’ikigo cy’abanya-Amerika gishinzwe ibiryo n’imiti “US Food and Drug Administration(USFDA)” kivuga ko 58 ku ijana ry’abaturage ba Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika bavuga ko bikundira ibiryo biva mu bihingwa biba byahinzwe hatakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga ryinshi, kandi ngo umubare wabo wikuba inshuro zirenze eshatu mu gihe kiri munsi y’imyaka icumi.

Ikindi kandi ni uko buriya ubutaka buhingwaho mu buryo wakwita ko ari gakondo (organic farming) bungana na 0.9 ku ijana gusa ku isi hose, bigatuma n’ibihingwa bibuturukamo biba bike ku isoko ugereranyije n’abaguzi baba babikeneye.


Mu bihugu byinshi abagura ibiribwa bitanyujijwe mu nganda ni benshi cyane kubera ko bitagira ingaruka mbi ku buzima

3.      Ifumbire ikoreshwa mu buhinzi bwa Organic farming igera mu murima ihenze

Abantu benshi bamaze kubona ko ibiryo biva mu bihingwa biba byafumbijwe ibinyabutabire byinshi bigira ingaruka z’igihe kirekire ku buzima bwa muntu n’ibidukikije muri rusange.

Bityo rero abahinzi biyemeje guhinga mu buryo gakondo bakoresha ifumbire y’imborera ituruka mu bihingwa byaboze (compost manure), cyangwa se ituruka mu myanda y’amatungo (animal manure) aho gukoresha imvaruganda, mu buryo bwo gutuma ibihingwa bigumana umwimerere wabyo.

Iyi fumbire y’imborera rero usanga itwara amafaranga menshi mu kuyitunda, igatwara n’andi menshi mu kuyishyira mu murima kuko bikorwa n’amaboko, ni uko byose bigatera ibihingwa byeze muri ubwo buryo guhenda cyane. 

4. Mu bihugu byinshi kubona icyangombwa cy’ubuziranenge ku bahinzi bakora ubuhinzi bwa organic farming biragora. 

i     Nko muri Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika kubona icyangombwa kitwa USDA organic certification gitangwa na cya kigo kitwa USFDA birahenze cyane kandi ntibyoroshye.

Impamvu ni uko kugira ngo uhinge muri ubu buryo cyangwa se kugira ngo ubashe gutunganya umusaruro wawe ugomba kubanza kwerekana uburyo uzabikora ukurikije amategeko ngo bidahumanya rubanda.

Muri Amerika buri muhinzi uhinga gakondo aba agomba kwishyura amafaranga ari hagati ya $400 na $ 2,000 buri mwaka ngo icyangombwa kimwemerera gukora kivugururwe. Aya mafaranga azwi ku izina rya annual inspection/certification fee nayo atuma bene ibi bihingwa bigera ku isoko bihenze cyane ku buryo bibona umugabo bigasiba undi.

5.      Ibihingwa biva mu buhinzi bwa organc farming bihenda kubera abahinzi baba bashaka kuziba icyuho k’igihombo kiri hejuru bahura nacyo   

Imiti yica udukoko ikoreshwa mu buhinzi bwa kijyambere (conventional farming) ituma ibihingwa bitangizwa ku buryo bworoshye n’ibyonyi ibyo aribyo byose, bityo ibihingwa bigakura vuba kandi bifite ubuzima bwiza.

Kuko rero ubuhinzi bwa gakondo (organic farming) budakoresha bene iyo miti, bituma ibihingwa mu murima biribwa n’udusimba ku bwinshi noneho umusaruro ukaba mucye.

Bya bindi bike byasaruwe mu murima kuko bidaterwa imiti yo gutuma bihunikwa igihe kirekire (Chemical preservatives), nanone byangirika vuba iyo bibitswe igihe mu buhunikiro. 



Ibihingwa biba bitaranyujijwe mu nganda ntibinaterwe ibinyabutabire byinshi byangirika vuba cyane

Ibi bihingwa bijya kugera ku muguzi bihenze cyane kuko umuhinzi aba agerageza kugaruza ya mafaranga aba yahombye ku byangirikiye mu murima no mu bubiko.

6.      Ibihingwa biva mu buhinzi gakondo ntibikura vuba  

Muri iki gihe ibihingwa byinshi bisigaye biterwa utunyangingo dutuma bikura vuba (growth hormones), nyamara ibindi bigenzi byabyo biba byahinzwe mu buryo gakondo kandi bitaratubuwe, ugasanga byerera imyaka myinshi kuko nta Growth hormones biterwa.

Uku gutinda kwera kw’ibi bihingwa no kuba imirima ihingwaho mu buryo gakondo igenda igabanuka ku isi yose muri rusange, ni intandaro yo guhenda gukabije k’umusaruro uturuka mu buhinzi bwa organic farming.

Kubera izi mpamvu n’izindi nyinshi, mu bihugu bikize ibiribwa biva mu buhinzi gakondo bihenda ku buryo bukabije, bityo abifite bakaba ari bo babasha kubyigondera, kuko ari byo bitagira ingaruka ku buzima bwa muntu n’ibidukikije.

Dore ingaruka mbi ziterwa no kurya ibiryo biva mu buhinzi bwifashisha ikoranabuhanga rihambaye (conventional farming) bikanatunganyirizwa mu nganda

Mu gitabo cye yise In Defense of Processed Food: It’s Not Nearly as Bad as You Think, umwanditsi witwa Robert L. Shewfelt avuga ko gucisha ibiribwa mu nganda bitakabaye ikibazo ubwabyo, kuko hari ibikorwa byiza bihakorerwa nko kwica udukoko n’ibindi bishobora kongerera agaciro ibiribwa runaka cyangwa ibinyobwa ku buryo byabicyika igihe kandi bifite isuku.

Ariko ikibazo ni uko abanyenganda baba bashaka inyungu z’umurengera ntibite ku buzima bw’abaguzi b’ibiribwa bakora, maze kugira ngo bahore bagurirwa, bagashyira mu bicuruzwa byabo ibintu bikurura abantu mu buryohe ariko bishobora no kugira ingaruka mbi ku buzima bw’umuntu mu gihe atabiretse.

Muri rugendo rwo guhindura igihingwa runaka mo ikindi kiribwa cyangwa guhindura ikintu gikomoka ku matungo mo ikindi kintu, wenda twavuga nko guhindura ikijumba mo Biscuit cyangwa gukora ice cream na yoghurt mu mata, usanga bisaba kongera mo ibindi binyabutabire byinshi cyane byitwa additives n’ibindi byitwa Flavour enhancers ngo ikiribwa gikozwe kigire impumuro n’uburyohe bushobora gukurura abakiriya.

Izi flavor enhancers ni ibinyabutabire bibeshya ubwonko bw’umuntu ko ikiribwa cyangwa ikinyobwa runaka gifite impumuro runaka ariko mu by’ukuri atari byo.

Nka ice cream na yoghurt usanga zifite amoko agiye anyuranye hagendewe ku mabara n’impumuro.

Hari abantu usanga bavuga ko bakunda ice cream cyangwa yoghurt y’impumuro runaka wenda nk’iyinkeri(strawberry) n’izindi.

Mu by’ukuri hari igihe haba nta nkeri za nyazo na nkeya ziri mu bikoze cya kiribwa, cyangwa se n’iziri mo zidahagije, ahubwo umuhumuro wumva igihe uri kurya, ari uruvangavange rw’imiti runaka ihura igatanga icyanga k’ikintu runaka bitewe n’icyo abakiriya bakeneye ndetse n’icyo ba nyir’uruganda bagambiriye.


Ice cream ni kimwe mu biribwa bibamo ibinyabutabire byinshi bishinzwe guhindura amabara, uburyohe impumuro n’ibindi

Uru ruvangavange rw’imiti rugira ingaruka nyinshi ku mubiri w’umuntu zirimo no kubata ubwonko bw’ubiriye agahora yumva abishaka buri munsi.

Niyo mpamvu umuntu ukunda kurya buri gihe ibiryo byakorewe mu nganda byuzuyemo amasukari n’ibindi binyabutabire byinshi agira umubyibuho ukabije, ukazarinda umuhitana yarananiwe kubireka kuko biba byaramubereye nk’ibindi biyobyabwenge byose tuzi bibata abantu.

Ingaruka mbi zishobora guterwa no kurya ibihingwa byatunganyirijwe mu nganda kandi byahinzwe mu buryo bugezweho ni izi zikurikira;

1.      Kugira umubyibuho ukabije

Ibiryo biba byaratunganyirijwe mu nganda ku rwego rwo hejuru (Ultra processed food) biba byarakozwe ku buryo igihe umuntu abirya ubwonko bwumva buguwe neza cyane, noneho bukavubura umusemburo witwa Dopamine utera umuntu guhora yifuza kubirya nanone mu gihe kiri imbere kandi mu ngano nyinshi.


Ibiryo byakorewe mu nganda bitera umubyibuho ukabije cyane

 Ikindi kandi gituma ibi biryo bitera umubyibuho ukabije ni uko byorohera igifu kubisya. Ubundi iyo umuntu ari kurya ibiryo bisanzwe bitatunganyirijwe mu nganda, umubiri ukoresha imbaraga nyinshi utwika ibinure ngo ubone imbaraga zo kubisya, bikaba ariyo mpamvu iyo umaze kurya ibiryo bikomeye wumva ushyushye cyane.

Iyo noneho uriye ibiryo byoroshye byasewe cyane mu nganda, umubiri nta mbaraga ukoresha bityo ntunatwike bya binure byawo, ahubwo hagahita hiyongeraho n’ibindi binure bishya uba uriye muri iryo funguro, ugasanga ugize umubyibuho rimwe na rimwe utifuje.

2.      Kugira ibyago byinshi byo kurwara Kanseri

Ibinyabutabire byagenewe kongera uburyohe n’impumuro bishyirwa mu biryo tugura, akenshi biba nta wundi muntu wabisuzumye ubuziranenge usibye inganda zikora bene ibyo biryo. Biriya binyabutabire usanga bitera ukudakora neza k’utunyangingo tw’umubiri, bikaviramo abarya ibyo biryo kenshi kuzarwara kanseri mu gihe kizaza.

Izindi ngaruka harimo nko:

3.      Kugira umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso

4.      Kurwara umutima

5.      Kurwara Diyabete n’ibindi

Mu bihugu byateye imbere rero abaturage babiteye imboni kera kuko usanga mu maguriro bihahira ibiribwa biba bitaratunganyirijwe mu nganda (organic food) cyangwa se ibiba byaratunganyijwe ariko ku kigero cyo hasi cyane (minimally processed food).

Bene ibyo biryo biba bihenda cyane kuko ari byo bitera ubuzima bwiza, bityo abakene baho bakarya ibyo babasha kwigondera, aribyo byabindi biba byaratunganyijwe cyane bikanongerwamo ibinyabutabire byinshi (ultra-processed food). 

Ku rundi ruhande ariko, mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere, kuri benshi bifite kurya ibintu bivuye mu nganda ni ubusirimu kuko ari nabyo biba bigura menshi, noneho kurya ibintu kamere (organic food) bitanyuze mu nganda cyangwa byanyuzemo ariko bigatunganywa gake bigafatwa nko kutaba umusirimu. 


Mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere kurya ibiryo byakorewe mu nganda ni ubusirimu kandi biribwa n’abifite gusa

Aho isi igeze nta wavuga ngo ntazarya ibiryo bitunganyirijwe mu nganda kuko ntibyashoboka; ahubwo inama nziza zitangwa n’abahanga mu by’ubuzima, ni uguhindura imyumvire y’uko ikintu cyose cyatunganyirijwe mu nganda ari cyo kiba gitera ubuzima bwiza. 

Buri muntu aba akwiriye kumenya ko buri kintu cyose kiriwe cyangwa kinyowe kigomba gufatwa mu rugero, mu rwego rwo kwirinda kubatwa nacyo ngo hato kitazateza ibibazo by’ubuzima runaka.

Src: cancerfightersthrive.com & sciencedirect.com & daily-sun.com

 

 











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