Ahabanza Utuntu nutundi

Bimwe mu biteye impungenge Isi bishobora no gukuraho ikiremwa muntu

Yanditswe na: Muhawenimana Faridi
Taliki:4/01/2020 16:06 0

Inyandiko z’impuguke zigaragaza ko mbere y’uko umuntu ashyirwa hano ku isi, hahozeho ibindi binyabuzima—inyamaswa ahanini. Abantu, mu myaka myinshi cyane bitekerezwa ko bamaze ku isi, hari byinshi bayihiduyeho ku buryo bukomeye, none bimwe muri ibyo baratekereza ko bishobora kuba intandaro y’ishiraho ry’abantu.

Wabyumvise neza ko bimwe mu byo ikiremwa muntu gikora harimo ibigiye kuzaba intandaro y’ uko abantu bashiraho ku buryo buteye ubwoba! Mu nkuru yacu yagaragaje ibiranga ‘civilization’, twagaragaje n’ ibyayikuraho ko harimo n’ ibikorwa bya muntu.

Ihumana ry’ ikirere ndetse n’ ihindagurika ry’ ibihe

Nk’ uko bigaragara ku rubuga rw’ Umuryango Ushinzwe Ubuzima ku Isi (World Health Organization), mu bantu 10, icyenda (9) muri bo bahumeka umwuka uhumanye, bityo bikaba intandaro y’ iyangirika ry’ ibihaha kuko umuntu aba yinjije muri we uduce twangiza mu gihe aba arimo ahumeka.

Uretse ibihaha, hangiraka kandi n’umutima, ndetse n’ubwonko. Hiyongeraho ubundi burwayi nka kanseri, ibyo, bikaba bitwara abagera kuri miliyoni 7 buri mwaka. Uyu muryango ugaragaza ko 90% y’abo bapfa baturuka mu bihugu bikennye cyangwa biri mu nzira y’amajyambere.

Ni mu bikorwa byo guhumanya ikirere usanga habonekamo uruhare runini mu ihindagurika ry’ibihe. Ibyinshi mu bibazo by’Ibiza; nk’ishya ry’amashamba, izuba ritwika ku buryo budasanzwe, ndetse n’ibindi nk’imvura nyinshi itera imyuzure, usanga impuguke zigaragaza ko ibyo byose bifitanye isano n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.

Ibihumanya (ibidukikije)

Dushingiye ku gisobanuro dukura mu nyandiko za Britannica, bagaragaza ko kibe ari umwuka (gas), igisukika (liquid) cyangwa se igifatika (solid) cyangwa ubundi buryo bwose bw’ imbaraga—ubushyuhe, amajwi, n’ ibindi. Akenshi, ibihumanya bikunze kugaragazwa mu mwuka, mu mazi, ndetse no mubutaka.

Inyandiko yakozwe na INESCO, igaragaza ko ‘United Nations Environment Programme’, inyigo yakozwe mu 2006, yerekana ko ku birometero kare bigera kuri 3 by’ inyanja, hasangwa ibisigazwa bya ‘plastic’ bisaga ibihumbi 46, 000. Inyandiko igaragaza ko kandi ubwoko bw’ inyoni (ibiguruka) zo kumazi, zihitanwa n’ izi ‘plastic’ zibarirwa muri miliyoni buri mwaka, ndetse n’ ibinyamabere byibera mu mazi bikabakaba ibihumbi 100, 000.

Mu bihumanya kandi, habonekamo ibyangiza amazi ahanini by’ umwanda ndetse ‘ibyamaze gukoreshwa n’ abantu bijugunywa mu migezi, ibiyaga, amasoko, yewe n’ inyanja. Nka raporo ya UNICEF yasohowe mu mwaka wa 2013, igaragaza ko imfu z’ abana bari munsi y’ imyaka itanu zari ziganje mu bihugu 5; Ubuhindi, Nigeria, Congo, Pakistan, n’ ubushinwa. Nk’ ubuhinid bwari kuri 24% naho Nigeria ari 11%— ikigero cy’ abana bapfaga bari munsi y’ imyaka 5 bitewe n’ ubuhumane bw’ amazi.

Uubhumane mu bidukikije buteje ikibazo ku isi hose, ko bwivugana Ubuzima bwa benshi mu batuye iyi. Dore imibare igaragazwa n’ ubushakashatsi yo mu 2015. Mu Buhinde hapfuye abagera kuri miliyoni 2.5, mu Bushinwa hapfa miliyoni 1.8. Muri rusange hapfuye miliyoni 9 ku isi hose, bituma imfu zabayeho muri uwo mwaka ubuhumana bwikubira 16% yazo, bwikubye inshuro 3 imfuza za SIDA.

Indwara

Nk’ indwara abantu batanduzanya wenda basuhuzanyije, urugero nka ‘Diabetes’. Ureste iyi, hari naza kanseri (cancer), ndetse n’ indwara z’ umutima. Ikiriho ni uko izi ari indwara ubu zisigaye zifitwe n’ abantu b’ ingeri zose. Izi ndwara rero zihariye 70% y’ imfu ziri ku isi, ubwo hapfa abantu miliyoni 41 buri mwaka bazize izi ndwara. Muri abo, miliyoni 15 baba bari hagati y’ imyaka 30-69, ubwo 80% muri bo baba baturuka mu bihigu biri mubukene cyangwa se biri munzira y’ amajyambere.

Indwara hari n’ izandura. Ntabwo waba umaze kwibagirwa icyorezo cyateye mu baturanyi b’ I Congo. Ubu hari n’ iki cyorezo cyizwi nka Zika. Iki, nacyo ni icyorezo kibasira abana, hanyuma bakavuka bafite ibibazo.

Kuyenga kw’ibitare by’ urubura

71% by’ubuso bw’isi ni amazi. Aya, yiganje mu bice by’inyanja. Gusa, hari amazi isi ifite, ariko ikaba isa nk’iyayakonjesheje; urubura. NASA ivuga ko buri myaka 10 ibice by’isi bibitse ibitare by’urubura bigenda biyonga ku rugero rwa 9%.

Icyo bisobanuye, ni uko iyo ibi bitare by’ urubura biyonze, biba amazi asanzwe, hanyuma akajya mu Nyanja bityo inyanja zikagenda ziyongera. Impungenge ni uko rimwe aya mazi azuzura, hanyuma imijyi yari miremire ku isi, ikisanga munsi y’amazi!

Kimwe mu bikomeye bitera ibi bitare by’ urubura kuyonga harimo imihidagurikire y’ikirere, ituma mu bice bya Arctic—ibice by’amajyaruguru y’ isi bikonja cyane—harasa izuba rishengesha ibi bitare.

Ubwiyongere bw’ abantu

Ntabwo twavuga ibiteye isi yose impungenge ngo tubivemo, gusa muri uko kugira impungenge, ahanini biterwa n’uko abantu batuye isi bagenda bapfa urucogo cogo, ariko bamwe mu basobanukiwe ibya ‘science’ bagaragaza ko hadashatswe igisubizo, Ubuzima ku isi bwashiraho.

N’ ubwo abantu bagenda bapfa ku buryo bwiyongera buri mwaka, ntabwo ababyara bahwema kubyara abandi, bityo imibare y’abatuye isi ikiyongera kurushaho!

Imibare y’ abatuye isi kuva mu mwaka wa 2001, kugera mu mwaka wa 2020. (imyaka 20).

Umwaka Imibare y’abaturage Ubwiyongere (%)

2020 7,794,798,739 1.05 %

2019 7,713,468,100 1.08 %

2018 7,631,091,040 1.10 %

2017 7,547,858,925 1.12 %

2016 7,464,022,049 1.14 %

2015 7,379,797,139 1.16 %

2014 7,295,290,765 1.17 %

2013 7,210,581,976 1.19 %

2012 7,125,828,059 1.20 %

2011 7,041,194,301 1.21 %