Menya amateka ya Noheli, ibihugu biyizihiza cyane, ibitayizihiza n'impamvu bamwe bavuga ko ari imigenzo ya gipagani

Kuri ubu abakristu benshi bari mu myiteguro y’umunsi mukuru wa “Noheli” wizihizwa buri tariki ya 25 Ukuboza n’abatari bake ku isi. Ijambo Noheli rikomoka ku ijambo ry’igifaransa “Noël”, naryo ryakomotse mu Kilatini “Natalis” bivuze “amavuka”. Mu Cyongereza Noheli ikaba yitwa “Christmas”. Abantu benshi bakunze gukoresha ijambo “Xmas” nk’impine ya Christmas. “X” ikaba yaratangiye gukoreshwa nk’impine ya Christ mu kinyejana cya 16.

Ese Bibiliya ivuga iki ku ivuka rya Yesu?

Iyo usomye Bibiliya nta hantu na hamwe usanga ko Yesu kristu yavutse tariki ya 25 ukuboza ndetse nta naho bavuga ko abakristu bakwiriye kwizihiza umunsi mukuru w’ivuka rye. Iyo usomye muri Matayo1:18-25 hatugaragariza uko kuvuka kwa Yesu byagenze. Haragira hati “Kuvuka kwa Yesu kwagenze gutya. Nyina Mariya yari yarasabwe na Yosefu, ariko yari ataramurongora babona afite inda y’Umwuka Wera. Umugabo we Yosefu kuko yari umukiranutsi kandi adashaka kumukoza isoni ku mugaragaro, yigira inama yo kumubenga rwihishwa, akibitekereza MaLayika w’Umwami Imana amubonekera mu nzozi ati Yosefu mwene Dawidi witinya kurongora umugeni wawe Mariya kuko imbuto imurimo ari iy’Umwuka Wera.

Azabyara umuhungu uzamwite Yesu kuko ari we uzakiza abantu ibyaha byabo. Nuko ibyo byose byabereyeho kugira ngo ibyo ibyo Umwami Imana yavugiye mu kanwa k’umuhanuzi bisohore ngo dore umwari azasama inda kandi azabyara umuhungu, azitwa Imanweli, risobanura ngo Imana iri kumwe natwe. Nuko Yosefu akangutse abigenza uko Marayika w’Umwami Imana yamutegetse, arongora umugeni we. Ariko ntibaryamana arinda ageza igihe yabyariye umuhungu amwita Yesu”.

Luka2:4-7 haragira hati “Yosefu nawe ava i Galilaya mu mudugudu w’i Nazareti ajya i Yudaya mu mudugudu wa Dawidi witwa Betelehemu kuko yari uwo mu nzu ya Dawidi no mu muryango we, ajya kwiyandikishanya na Mariya, uwo yasabye wari utwite. Bakiri iyo igihe cyo kubyara kirasohora, abyara umuhungu w’imfura amworosa imyenda y’impinja, amuryamisha mu muvure w’inka kuko bari babuze umwanya mu icumbi.

Ushobora kuba uhise wibaza impamvu Noheli yizihizwa tariki ya 25 Ukuboza?

Kubera nta hantu na hamwe Bibiliya igaragaza itariki Kristu yavutseho ndetse nta n’inyandiko ibivugaho, Abayobozi ba Kiliziya bahisemo iyo tariki bashaka kuyihuza n’umunsi mukuru wizihizwagaho imigenzo ya gipagani, kugira ngo bayiburizemo. Abaroma bakaba barawufataga nk’umunsi bizihizaho ivuka ry’izuba ritaneshwa’ bishimira ko izuba ryongeye kuboneka. 

Ibi bikaba byarakozwe kugira ngo abapagani bahindukirire ubukristo barusheho kubuha agaciro. Urugero: ibiti bizwi ku izina rya Evergreen bihora bitoshye umwaka wose byakoreshwaga n’abapagani mu mihango yabo biza kwifashishwa noneho n’abakristu bakajya babitakaho imbuto zo mu bwoko bwa pome bashaka kwerekana ubusitani bwa edeni. Kuri ubu izi mbuto ni zo zaje gusimburwa n’imitako tubona ku biti bya Noheli kuri ubungubu.

Mu kinyejana cya 4 ahagana mu mwaka wa 330, ni bwo umwami Constantin yashyizeho umunsi wa 25 Ukuboza nka Noheli y’abakirisitu, hanyuma biza kwemezwa burundu na Papa Liberius ko ari wo munsi nyawo wo kwizihizaho isabukuru y’amavuko ya Yesu Kristo.

Ese haba hari indi tariki yizihizwaho uyu munsi wa Noheli?

Bimwe mu bihugu bikurikiza karendari ya kera izwi nka Julian calendar birimo Ethiopia, Russia n’ibindi bitandukanye byizihiza Noheli tariki ya 7 Mutarama. Iyi tariki ikaba ihura n’itariki ya 25 Ukuboza ku bakoresha Karendari y’ubu izwi nka Gregorian calendar. Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko 90% y’ibihugu byizihiza uyu munsi biwizihiza tariki ya 25 Ukuboza.

Ese abahanga batandukanye ni iki bavuga ku munsi mukuru wa Noheli?

Abahanga benshi mu nyandiko bagiye bandika ku munsi mukuru wa noheli, zigaragaza ko uwo munsi mukuru ukomoka mu madini ya kera ya gipagani y’Abaroma n’Abagereki. Ahagana mu kinyejana cya 18 ubwo hatangiraga kuza abafilozofe benshi i Burayi, bamwe muri bo bakurikiranaga ibijyanye n’iyobokama baje kwemeza ko Noheli n'ubwo yizihizwa tariki ya 25 Ukuboza atari wo munsi Yesu yavutseho.

Bamwe mu bahanga dore ibyo batangaje

Mu 1743, Umudage w’Umuprotestani Paul Ernst Jablonski yavuze ko Noheli yashyizwe ku itariki 25 Ukuboza kugira ngo ihurirane n’umunsi wa kiromani wo kwizihiza izuba wa Dies Natalis Solis Invicti. Kuri bo bafataga izuba nk’agakiza kabo kandi ngo italiki ryigaragazaga kuri bo hari kuri iriya taliki.

Mu 1889, Louis Duchesne yavuze ko Noheli yatoranyijwe habazwe amezi icyenda (mbere yo kuvuka kwa Yesu) Uhereye kuri 25 z’ukwa gatatu (Werurwe) ukaba ari nawo munsi Kiliziya Gatolika yizihizaho isamwa rya Yesu Kristu.

Isaac Newton yagerageje gusobanura byinshi kuri iyi tariki ariko agendeye kuri Siyanse asanga abizihizaga uyu munsi yewe ngo n’aba kera bagenderaga ku mboneko y’ukwezi bityo ngo igahurirana n’imboneko y’ukwezi kubanziriza itumba. Ibyo kandi byabagaho ku itariki 25 Ukuboza. Ibi bigatuma we anavuga ko kubera iyo mpamvu Noheli wari umunsi wa gipagani.

Urutonde rw’ibihugu 5 byizihiza noheli cyane kurusha ibindi

Mu gutondeka ibi bihugu ahanini bigendanye n’uburyo ki umunsi wa noheli uba witeguwe ndetse yemwe n’ukuntu indirimbo z'uyu munsi ziba ziri gucurangwa cyane. Tutibagiwe n’umubare w'abakristu bakurikirana ibyo bihangano.

1.      Canada

2.      Norway

3.      Iceland

4.      Liechtenstein

5.      Finland

Urutonde rw’ibihugu bitizihiza umunsi wa Noheli

Ahanini ibi bihugu impamvu bitizihiza uyu munsi wa noheli ni uko usanga abaturage babyo benshi ari aba Muslim. Keretse nka Korea y’Amajyarugu iyobowe n’umunyagitugu Kim Jong Un akaba yarababujije kwizihiza uyu munsi.

1.    Afghanistan

2.    Algeria

3.    Bhutan

4.    North Korea

5.    Libya

6.    Mauritania

7.    Saudi Arabia

8.    Somalia

9.    Tajikistan

10. Tunisia

11. Turkmenistan

12. Uzbekistan

13. Yemen

N'ubwo bimwe mu bihugu bitawizihiza ariko hari n’ibindi bihugu byo biwufata nk’umunsi w’ubucuruzi, aho kuwufata nk’umunsi w'ikiruhuko, Amashuri, amabanki, amasoko byose biba biri gukora nk'uko bisanzwe. Yewe ntibanagaragaza igikorwa cyo gusenga. Ibyo bihugu birimo; Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Cambodia, China, Comoros, Iran, Israel, Japan, Kuwait, Laos, Maldives, Mongolia, Morocco, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Thailand, Turkey, The United Arab Emirates na Vietnam.

Ese ni ukubera iki hari abavuga ko Noheli ari imigenzo ya gipagani

Amateka agaragaza ko ahagana mu myaka ya 1500 ari bwo amwe mu matorero ya giprotesitanti yanze kujya yizihiza Noheli kugeza uyu munsi. Bavuga ko babiterwa n'uko nta gihamya kigaragaza ko Yesu yavutse kuri iyo tariki ndetse n’abakristo bo mu kinyejana cya mbere batizihizaga ivuka rya Yesu.

Nyuma y'ibyo banga kwizihiza umunsi wa Noheli kubera ko umunsi mukuru w’Abaroma witwa Saturunaliya, wizihizwaga mu kwezi k’Ukuboza hagati, akaba ari wo munsi abizihiza Noheli bavanyeho imyinshi mu migenzo ikurikizwa kuri Noheli. Ibi rero bikaba ari byo bashingiraho bavuga ko Noheli nawo ari umugenzo wa gipagani.

"Niba umuntu yizihiza umunsi mukuru we w’amavuko cyangwa uwa mugenzi we ntacyatuma n’abizera Kristu nk’umwami n’umukiza bose, badafatanyiriza hamwe ngo bizihize umunsi w’ivuka rya Kristu usumba byose waje gucungura abanyabya." Ibi ni ibitangazwa na bamwe mu bakristo. Itariki Kristu yavutseho ntikwiriye kuba ikibazo icy'ingenzi ni uko bose baba bateraniye hamwe bazamura izina ry’uwabacunguye, ariko nanone n’abatizihiza uwo munsi ni uburenganzira bwabo na cyane ko ntaho tubisanga muri Bibiliya. Abizihiza Noheli tubifurije umunsi mwiza! Kristu yarabacunguye Allelluia Allelluia

Src: www.mapsofworld.com, www.taxi2airport.com, www.whychristmas.com, agakiza.org,Holy Bible