Byinshi utari uzi ku gihembo cy’Amahoro cyitiriwe Nobel, menya imvo n'imvano yacyo

Iki gihembo gitangwa buri mwaka, nk’uko Nobel ubwe yabyifuje, uwagihawe agashimirwa ibyo yakoze mu mwaka wabanje. Hahembwa umuntu watumye amakimbirane hagati y’ibihugu arangira, agakuraho cyangwa akagabanya amakimbirane ya gisirikare hagati y’ibihugu kugira ngo habeho amahoro.

Mu Ugushyingo 1895, Nobel yatanze igice kinini cy’umutungo we ngo habeho ibihembo bitanu. Ibyo ni igihembo cy’amahoro, icy’ubuvanganzo, icy’ubutabire, icy’ubugenge n’icy’ubuvuzi.

N’ubwo Nobel ari we wihitiyemo ibi ibihembo bitanu, ntiyigeze asobanura impamvu yahisemo igihembo cy’amahoro. Gusa abasesengura ubuzima bwe bavuga ko byari ukwerekana urundi ruhande rutandukanye n’ingufu za kirimbuzi zari ziri kwiyongera.

Abiy Ahmed ni we wahawe igihembyo cy’amahoro cya Nobel muri 2019. / Nobel Media

Igihembo cya 2019 cyahawe Minisitiri w’Intebe wa Ethiopia Abiy Ahmed. Yagihawe kubera ibikorwa amaze gukora kuva yatangira kuyobora muri Mata, 2018. Mu byo yakoze harimo kugarura amahoro hagati ya Ethiopia na Eritrea, nyuma y’imyaka 20 ibi bihugu byamaze mu gihe haba “nta ntambara, nta mahoro”.

Iki gihembo gitangwa na Komite y’Abanyanoruverije ya Nobel (The Norwegian Nobel Committee). Ubu iki gihembo kimaze gutangwa inshuro 100, kuva 1901. Kimaze guhabwa abantu 107, harimo abagore 17 n’imiryango (organisations) 24.

Uwahawe iki gihembo cy’amahoro ari muto yitwa Malala Yousafzai, wari ufite imyaka 17, ubwo yagihawe muri 2014. Uwagihawe ari mukuru kurusha abandi ni Joseph Rotblat, wari ufite imyaka 87 muri 1995 ubwo yahembwaga.

Gusa hari imyaka iki gihembo kitatanzwe. Komite itanga iki gihembo ivugako bishoboka ko kitatangwa. Hari inshuro 19 kitatanzwe bitewe n’uko muri iyo myaka habaga hatarabayemo ibikorwa by’indashyikirwa ku buryo byahembwa.

Iyo kitatanzwe amafaranga ashyirwa mu kigega cy’Umurwango Nobel. Mu myaka yabayemo intambara ya mbere n’iya kabiri z’isi, hatanzwe ibihembo bikeya.

Iki gihembo kandi gishobora guhabwa abantu barenze umwe. Abaheruka kugihabwa ari babiri ni Dr Dennis Mukwege, umuganga wo muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, ndetse na Nadia Murad wo muri Iraki, bagihawe muri 2018.

Source: nobelprize.org

Umwanditsi: Moise Mugisha Bahati