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Uguturika guhambaye kwabayeho mu mateka kukangiza ubuzima bwa byinshi

Yanditswe na: Liliane Kaliza
Taliki:15/01/2019 14:57
0


Hiroshima ndetse n’ukundi guturika kw’ibisasu bya Kirimbuzi biza ku mwanya wa 7 mu guturika guhambaye kwabayeho.



7. Igisasu cyatewe Hiroshima ukigereranyije n’ibisasu byagikurikiye wabona cyaragize uguturika guto, nubwo ari cyo cyahitanye ubuzima bwinshi mu mateka y’ibisasu ku isi. Bavuga ko cyari gifite uguturika kwa kilotone 15 (6,3x1013Joules). Nyamara Tsar Bomba,igisasu cyageragejwe mu mwaka 1961 n’ibihugu byahoze bigize icyari Ubumwe bw’abasoviyetike (soviétique) cyari gifite uguturika kwa megatone 57 bivuze ko cyari gikubye inshuro 3800 icyari cyaratewe Hiroshima , ndetse bikigira igisasu gihambaye mu mateka cyakozwe n’umwana w’umuntu. Bavuga ko iyo batagihagarika ngo kirekeraho gukomeza guturika ubundi cyari kugeza kuri Mégatonne 100.

6.Uguturika ko muri uru rwego bavuga ko kwabayeho mu mateka na mbere y’ikorwa ry’ibisasu bwa kirimbuzi.Uguturika gutangaje kwabaye Tunguska muri Sibériemu mwaka 1908,bakeka ko kwaba kwari gufite Mégatonne 4. Uku guturika biracyari ikintu gitera impaka nyinshi, kuko kwagize ingaruka zingana nizatewe na kimwe mu bibuye bigwa bivuye mu isanzure gifite umurambararo uri hagati ya 20 m na 30 m, kikagira iturika ribarirwa hagati ya 200 000 tone na 600 000 tone. Ibi bikaba bwarangije 2000 km² by’ishyamba rya Siberiya, ndetse ingaruka zarenze 100km, imitingito yumvikana hafi mu burayi byose.

5. Muri 1815, Umusozi wa Tambora muri Indoneziya waraturitse, urekura ingufu zingana na 1000 Mégatonnes, bikaba ari nako kuruka kw’Ikirunga gukomeye kwabayeho mu mateka y’isi. Uku guturika kwajugunye Tone Miliyale 140 kw’ibikoma birukwa n’ibirunga ndetse kwagize ingaruka zikomeye ku miterere y’ikirere.Umwaka wakuriyeho wa 1816 ntiwigeze ugira Impeshyi,muri Nyakanga havutse imigezi myinshi muri Pennsylvanie,muri Kamena muri USA haguye urubura rudasanzwe ndetse n’iburayi, Abantu basaga 71 000 bahise bahasiga ubuzima byakurikiwe n’inzara yahitanye abandi babarirwa mu bihumbi n’izindi ngaruka nyinshi zakurikiye uku guturika k’uyu musozi.

4.Tugarutse mu mwaka ya vuba aha mu 1994 habayeho iturika rikomeye rwabereye hafi y’iyi si dutuye. Ubwo ikibuye cyiswe Schoemacker-Levy 9cyamanukaga kerekeje ku isi, ku bwamahirwe kigonga umubumbue wa Jupiter. Uku gusekurana n’ubundi kwa kwirakwije ibindi bibuye mu isanzure barimo ibyari bifite uburambararo wa 3 km, kandi ingaruka z’iryo gongana zageze aharenga 12000 kilomètres( Henda kungana n’umurambararo w’isi) bivuze ko iyo kigwa kuri iyi isi yacu ubuzima bwari kuzimira hose.Uko gusekurana kwari gufite ingufu zingana 6000 Gigatonnes.

3. Nubwo ikiremwamuntu cyari kitarabaho mu isi. Mu myaka Miliyoni 65 ishije., Ikibuye kinini cyo mu isanzure gifite umurambararo wa 10 km cyashwanyukiye ahari kuzaba Mexique ndetse agasongero kaChicxulub gafite umurambararo wa 180 km ni igihamya cy’iryo turika ryari gifite ingufu zikubye inshuro Miliyali 8 iz’igisasu cyatewe Hiroshima.Ndetse rikaba rimwe mu iturika ryabayeho ku isi ryangije bwinshi kuko ryari rifite ingufuza zingana na 100 000 gigatonnes.

2. Ikintu ku isi kiza mubihora bitangaza ubyumvise, Supernovas ni ikimenyabose, nubwo bigoye kumenya neza ingufu zatanzwe n’ukuguturika guhambaye. Supernovas iki gitangaza cyizwi cyane ku izina rya SN1006, Hashize imyaka rumuri hagati ya 8000 na 7000, ndetse kwa garagaye muri 1006 akaba aricyo cyago gikomeye ubwonko bw’umuntu butakwibagirwa. Supernovas yari ifite urumuri ruhambaye rwirukanye umwijima wose ku isi kuburyo umuntu yasoma neza mu ijoro nk’aho ari kumanwa ndetse byamaze amezi menshi bimeze gutyo.uko guturika kwari gufite ingufu ziri kuryego rwa 1044 Joules.

1.Tugiye kure cyane , hanze y’iri ikirere tubarirwamo, Hari ukundi guturika kugibwaho impaka nyinshi kuzwi ku izina ryasursaut Gamma ni ugutuka kwabaye ku nyenyeri nini cyane ishobora kuba ikubye izuba inshuro hagati ya 30 na 100 mu bunini,ndetse kwasandaje urumuri rwinshi izuba ridashobora kurekura nibura mu myaka rumuri miliyali 10. Uko guturika kwari gufite ingufu ziri kuryego rwa 1047 Joules. sursaut Gamma GRB-090423 ni uguturika gutunguranye kandi guhambaye cyane kwagize urumuri rwinshi ndetse niko guturika kugufi kwabayeho ugereranije n’ingufu kwagize mu isanzure. Ikindi nicyo cyago cyabayeho mbere dushobora kumenya kuko cyabayeho mu myaka rumuri miliyali 13.

0? Icyo kwitondera, Big-Bang. Amahame ariho ubu yemeza ko isanzure ryavutse kubera iturika rihambaye ryiswe Big-Bang. Nk’uko izina ryaryo ribivuga ni Iturika rikomeye ndetse rifatwa nkaho ari ryo rikomeye ryaba ryarabayeho. Iri hame rirakomeye; bavuga ko isanzure ryari akantu gashyushye cyane kandi karemereye, si akantu gato karemereye mu kirere ahubwo ni ko kirere. Bakavuga ko ukwaguka kwihuse ariko kwakurikiye iturika rya Big-Bang aribyo byaremye ikirere.






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