Ubwonko ni igice kigize umubiri w’umuntu akaba ari nacyo kiwugenzura wose uko wakabaye bivuze ko iyo buramutse bugize ikibazo, n’ibindi bice bigize umubiri ntibiba bikibashije gukora neza
Mu gushaka gusobanukirwa byinshi ku bwonko twifashishije ubushakashatsi bwa Dr.Jay Giedd, umuhanga mu bijyanye n’ubwonko mu kigo cy’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika, we n’abo bari kumwe aho babashije gutahura byinshi ku mikorere yabwo
Bimwe muri byo harimo kuba:
Ubwonko bw’umuntu mukuru burya bupima kugeza ku kiro n’igice (1.5kg) ni ukuvuga ko bugira hafi 2% by’uburemere bw’umubiri wose nyamara bugakoresha 20% by’ingufu zose umubiri ukoresha
Ubwonko bukoresha ingufu zingana n’izikoreshwa n’itara rya watts 10 kandi ngo burya mu bibugize, 80% ni amazi, kuva umwana avutse kugeza agejeje imyaka 5 ubwonko buba bukura ndetse bukanakora akazi kenshi cyane kurenza ikindi gihe
Nubwo ubwonko buri mu mutwe, ariko ntaho buhurira n’amagufa akoze umutwe ahubwo bukikijwe n’amatembabuzi azwi nka cerebrospinal fluid,
Ubwonko bugizwe n’ibice 3 by’ingenzi ari byo:
Cerebrum: muri iki gice haberamo gutekereza, amarangamutima ndetse n’ibyiyumviro
Cerebellum: iki gice cyo kiyobora imikorere y’ingingo z’umubiri n’uburinganire
Brain: iki gice cyo gishinzwe guhuza ubwonko n’urutirigongo ndetse kikayobora imikorere idakenera ubushake nko gutera k’umutima no guhumeka
Muri rusange aba bashakashati batunguwe no kubona ko ubwonko bugizwe n’ibindi bice bibiri by’ingenzi ari byo icy’ibumoso n’icy’iburyo, ariko igitangaje nuko igice cy’iburyo kiyobora ibice by’umubiri by’ibumoso naho icy’ibumoso kikayobora imikorere y’ibice by’umubiri by’iburyo
Ubwonko nibwo bufite agace gashinzwe buri kimwe cyose cyabaye ku muntu maze kakabibika ahantu ari nayo mpamvu umuntu yibuka byinshi byamubayeho, aka gace kitwa hippocampus, ubwonko kandi bufite ubushobozi bwo gukora ibintu byinshi bitandukanye kandi mu gihe kimwe ari nayo mpamvu umuntu ashobora kwandika ari no kuririmba bigakunda
Ubwonko buratangaje cyane ngo kuko nubwo iyo umuntu ababaye abibwirwa na bwo ariko ngo burya ntibujya bubabara, ikindi nuko impamvu bidashoboka ko umuntu atakwikirigita ngo aseke, nuko ubwonko buba bwatahuye kare ko ari wowe uri kubyikorera
Abashakashatsi ku bijyanye n’umubiri w’umuntu bagaragaza ko nubwo ibintu hafi ya byose tubikora iyo turi maso, ariko ubwonko bwo bukora cyane nijoro kurenza ku manywa ndetse ngo ni nabwo ibitekerezo bizima biza, ari nabyo bituma abantu bafite ubwenge bwinshi cyane ari bo bakunze kurota cyane kuruta abandi
Niba ushaka gufata neza ubwonko bwawe cyangwa ubw’uwawe ihate kurya ibikomoka ku mafi, ibikungahaye kuri potassium ndetse na calcium ihagije
Src: www.scientificamerican.com
TANGA IGITECYEREZO