Abagera kuri Miliyoni 160 bakoresha amazi y’uruzi rwa Nil mu buzima bwa buri munsi. Uru ruzi rumaze gutera amakimbirane mu bihugu runyuramo cyane cyane Misiri, Ethiopia na Sudan kubera ikoreshwa ryawo. Mu minsi ishize Ethiopia yatangiye gukomeza umushinga w’urugomero ruzakoresha uru ruzi, nyamara ibi ni byo bikomeje kuzana umwuka mubi.
Tariki ya 15
Nyakanga 2020, nibwo Ethiopia yatangaje ko yatangiye gahunda yo kuzuza amazi urugomero
rwayo rwiswe “Grand Renaissance Dam”.
Uru rugomero ruteganyijwe gutwara akabaka miriyari $5. Indi ngingo
itakwirengagizwa nuko uru rugomero amazi ruzakoresha ari ay’uru ruzi rwa Nil.
Twakwibutsa abantu ko uru rugezi rukoreshwa n’abagera kuri miriyoni 160
wakomeje kuba nyirabayazana w’umwuka mubi hagati y’ibihugu biwutsimbarayeho
cyane ari byo: Misiri, Sudan na Ethiopia.
Muri aya makimbirane,
usanga ahanini ashingiye ku nyungu bwite za buri gihugu. Urugero rubangutse: ku
ruhande rumwe urahasanga Misiri ifite abaturage bayo bagera kuri 90% banywa
amazi ya Nil; ku rundi ruhande hakaza Sudan iba irengera inyungu zo kuhira
imyaka ndetse n’ingomero zayo. Kuri ibyo bihugu hiyongeraho Ethiopia, magingo
aya ifite umushinga wo kuzuza urugomero rw’amashanyarazi ruzaba urwa mbere muri
Afurika. Uru ni rwuzura ruzinjiriza iki gihugu agera kuri miriyari $1 buri mwaka azajya ava mu mashanyarazi azajya agurishwa ibihugu by'abaturanyi.
Kugeza mu mwaka wa
2011, mbere yuko umushinga wo gutangira iyubakwa ry’uru rugomero, muri aka
karere ntihigeze haba umwuka mubi by’aka kageni. Kuba Ethiopia yaratangiye
gukoresha aya mazi mu nyungu zayo byatangije amakimbirane asa n’adateze gushira
hagati yayo n’ibindi bihugu bibiri byavuzwe haruguru.
Misiri ntishyigikiye
iki gikorwa cy’umuturanyi, Ethiopia. Impungenge ifite (Misiri)nuko ingano y’amazi
agera muri iki gihugu yagabanyuko bigatuma abahinzi bangana na 25% b’abaturage
bayo bahura n’ikibazo cy’amazi make. Randa Aboul ukorera umwe mu bayobozi
bakuru b’agashami k’Umuryango w’Abibumbye kita ku iterambere, atangaza ko
Misiri yatangiye kugira ikibazo cy’ubuke bw’amazi ya Nil kubera imihindukire y’ikirere.
Yongeyeho ko uyu mushinga wa Ethiopia wizwe nabi ushobora guteza ubukene ku
baturage ba Misiri.
William Davison,
impuguke n’umushakashatsi mu kigo “International
Crisis Group” avuga ko ahubwo uyu wariwo mwanya mwiza wa Ethiopia ngo nayo
isorome ku mbuto z’ibyiza by’uru ruzi dore ko mu myaka yabanje iki gihugu
cyirengagizwaga mu masezerano yagengaga ikoreshwa ry’amazi ya Nil─1929 na 1958.
Amasezano yahuzaga
izi mpande uko ari eshatu yaherukaga tariki 14 Nyakanga 2020. Nubwo aya
masezerano yarangiye izi mpande ntacyo zigezeho, yariyitezweho ko yakwemeza ko
Misiri yagabanya ingano y’amazi ikoresha ku mwaka; noneho na Ethiopia
ikazongera igihe byarikuzayifata yuzuza amazi uru rugomero. Nyamara bwakeye ku
itariki ya 15, Ethiopia itangira kuzuza uru rugomero amazi amasezerano
atarangiye.
Perezida wa Misiri,
Abdel Fattah el-Sisi aherutse gutangaza ko iki ari ikibazo bazakemura uko
byagenda kose ku buryo n’ubuzima bwabo babutanga, aho guhungabanya Nil. Ese Nil
izakomeza kuba isoko y’amakimbirane aho kuba isoko y’ubuzima nkuko yahoze?
TANGA IGITECYEREZO