Kuva mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 20, ni bwo hatangiye gushyirwa hanze zimwe mu mbuga nkoranyambaga nka "Six Degrees". Uko izo mbuga nkoranyambaga zakoreshwaga mu myaka ya 1999 no mu ntangiro z'ikinyejana cya 21 si ko nyuma y'imyaka icumi izi mbuga zakoreshwaga.
Izi mbuga zitangira zafashaga abantu gutangaza imyirondiro ndetse n'amafoto yabo gusa. Magingo aya, ku mumaro zatangiye zifite, izi mbuga zikoreshwa cyane mu kwamamaza, guhererekanya ibitekerezo, yemwe hakazamo n'uko zifashishwa mu icengezamatwara rya politiki.
Ubu muri za terefoni ngendanwa usangamo imbuga
nkoranyambaga zitandukanye, hari izo tumenyereye kandi zikoreshwa cyane nka
Twitter, Facebook na Instagram. Izo mbuga zavuzwe haruguru si ukuvuga ko ari
zo zihari gusa kuko hari n'izindi nyinshi cyane zikoreshwa mu bihugu
bitandukanye. Ikibazo uyu munsi tugerageza gusubiza ni: Ese kuki muri iyi si ya
none imbuga nkoranyambaga zidatana na politiki?
Kuba imbuga nkoranyambaga zarayobotswe n'imbaga nyamwinshi y'abatuye isi ni imwe mu mpamvu zikoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye nka poritiki n’ubucuruzi. Mu myaka yo ha mbere, ibikorwa bijyanye no kwamamaza cyangwa ibya poritiki ntibyagaragaraga kuri izi mbuga nyamara mu isi ya none usibye gukoreshwa mu gusangiza inshuti ubuzima bwawe kuri izi mbuga hiyongeraho rimwe na rimwe ibindi bintu.
Ubu umuntu uri mu Rwanda akurikirana ubuzima bw’umuririmbyi w’Umunyamerika akunda umunsi ku munsi nk'aho ahibereye. Impamvu ituma umuntu ashobora gukurikirana amakuru y’ibyamamare ni uko imbuga nkoranyambaga ziba zasakaje ayo makuru.
Ayo
makuru asakazwa na ba nyir'ubwite cyangwa abandi babafiteho amakuru. Nyuma
y’imyaka isaga icumi izi mbuga zitangiye kubaho; abacuruzi, ibyamamare,
abanyapolitiki n’abandi basigaye bakoresha mu gusakaza amakuru, ibyiyumviro,
ibigwi ndetse n’ibindi ku mbaga ikoresha izi mbuga bafite intego imwe, ariyo yo
gukomeza kwigarurira imitima yabo.
Hagati y’umwaka wa 2011 na 2014 imbuga nkoranyambaga zakoreshejwe mu mpindura matwara zabayeho hirya no hino ku isi. Iyi myaka yavuzwe haruguru si yo yagaragayemo ifashishwa ry’imbuga nkoranyamaga muri politiki ahubwo ni uko byibasiye kamwe mu gace k’isi.
Mu mwaka wa 2011, ibihugu byo muri Afurika y’Amajyaruguru byabaye nk’ibikongezanya urumuri ry’impinduramatwara byagize, kuva mu Misiri ya Perezida Hosni Mubarak, Libya ya Muamar Khadafy, Tunisia Zine El Abidine Ben Ali kimwe n’ahandi. Izi mupinduramatwara zabaye iherezo ry’abayobozi bavuzwe haruguru.
Mu uyu mwaka wa 2011, imbuga nkoranyambaga zakoze umurimo utoroshye wo guhuza abari bafite ibitekerezo by’impinduramatwara. N’ubwo bitari biboroheye kuko muri ibi bihe by’imyigaragambyo n’iyamagana ry’ubutegetsi abarwanyaga ubutegetsi bahuye n’ibibazo byinshi.
Nyuma yo kwicwa
cyangwa gukomeretswa aba bahuraga n’ikindi kibazo cyo gufungirwa murandasi
kandi ari yo yabahuzaga. Nyamara muri iyi nkundura y’impinduramatwara yabaye
ndetse ikiganza mu bihugu by’abarabu mu mwaka umwe gusa handitswe ubutumwa
miliyoni isaga kuri Twitter, ubutumwa butabarika kuri Facebook yewe n’amasaha
ibihumbi kuri Youtube.
Kubera ko ubutegetsi muri ibi bihugu by’abarabu
byagenzuraga ibitangazamakuru, abantu ntibamenye ibibera mu bihugu ni byo
byatumye abaturage bagana inzira y’imbuga nkoranyambaga. Imyanzuro y’utunama
tw’ibanga, amashusho yerekana uko ubuyobozi buhohotera abaturage ndetse
n’ibindi byageraga ku mbaga y’abamaganaga ubutegetsi binyuze kuri izi mbuga.
Ibyabaye muri ibi bihugu by’Abarabu si ho byagarukiye dore ko no muri Ukraine
byabaye mu mwaka wa 2014.
Ese ko inshingano imbuga
nkoranyamba zatangiranye ziyongereye, hari ikindi twategereza nyuma y’uruhare
muri politiki?
TANGA IGITECYEREZO