Ese wari uzi ko abagore basiramurwa? Menya byinshi kuri uyu muco n’ibihugu ubamo

N’ibyuma bityaye, akenshi nta kinya, ni bwo buryo imiryango myinshi ikora iki gikorwa cyo gusiramura abagore. Mu busanzwe, iki gikorwa kizwi mu rurimi rw’icyongereza nka, “Female Genital Mutilation” (FGM). Ntiwumve ijambo gusiramura, ngo ubigereranye n’uko wabonye cyangwa se wumvise bakuraho uruhu ku gitsina cy’umugabo. Ku mugore, biratandukanye. 

Bitera uburibwe buteye ubwoba. Gusa, n’ubwo wumva ari igikorwa kibabaza cyane, hari abagore (igitsina gore), babikorera ubushake, ndetse n’ibyishimo, kuko baba bumva umuco w’umuryango wabo ukomeye, ugomba no kubahirizwa kurenza kuba yakumva ko bifite ingaruka zihambaye ku buzima bwe. Izo ngaruka nazo turazigarukaho. Gusa, hari n’abandi babikoreshwa ku gahato.

Ese iki gikorwa gikorwa gute?

Iki, ni igikorwa gikorerwa igitsina gore mu buryo bumwe cyangwa se ubundi, burimo, kugabanya, cyangwa se gukata burundu, kimwe mu myanya myibarukiro y’inyuma y’umugore cyangwa umukobwa. Ibi kandi, bikorwa nta mpamvu z’uburwayi ziriho. Uku, niko UNICEF ibivugaho.

Ntabwo ibyo UNICEF igaragaza bitandukana n’ibyo ikinyamakuru The Guardian kivuga kuri iki gikorwa. Bagaragaza ko ari, uburyo bwo gukuraho/gukata rugongo (clitoris), uduce tw’imbere ndetse n’inyuma ku gitsina cy’umugore, ndetse no gukata ibindi bice byose by’imyanya myibarukiro y’inyuma y’umugore, hagasigara umwenge w’inkari ndetse n'imihango.

Ibyo bikorwa byose, bigabanyije mu bice bine (4) nk'uko tubikesha World Health Organization (WHO) mu mwaka wa 1995, ndetse n'ibindi batangaje muri 2007.

Uburyo I: Kugabanya cyangwa se gukata burundu rugongo (clitoris), cyangwa se agahu kayo (rugongo).

Uburyo II: Gukata burundu rugongo (clitoris), ndetse n’utundi duhu tugaragara ku gitsina cy’umugore imbere (labia minora), bibaye cyangwa bitabaye ngombwa ko n’uduhu tw’ inyuma (labia majora) dukatwa.

Uburyo III: Aha, ni ukugabanya umwenge w’igitsina cy’umugore, ahanini bahuriza hamwe impera za twa duhu twombi (labia minora na labia majora), ku buryo bahadoda, hagafatana, hagasigara wa mwenge w’inkari, n’imihango. Ibyo, ntibigombera ko na rugongo ikatwa burundu, gusa hari igihe nayo ikatwa, bitewe n’uko babihisemo. Iki gikorwa kizwi nka: “Infibulation”.

Uburyo IV: Uyu muryango (WHO), ugaragaza ko ubu buryo bwa nyuma buhuriza hamwe, uburyo bwose bubabaza ndetse bukanakomeretsa ibice ibyo ari byo byose by’imyanya myibarukiro y’umugore by’inyuma. Urugero: nko kugabanya, gutwika ibikomere, uburyo bwo kwinjira, no kwinjiza ibintu mu myanya myibarukiro y’umugore, ndetse n’ubundi buryo bwose bushobora kubaho nta mpamvu z’uburwayi zizwi.

Ubwo buryo bwose rero, bwifashishwa mu gukora icyo abantu bagereranya no gusiramurwa. Gusa nk’uko twabivuze birababaza ku buryo bukomeye cyane, ndetse bigira n’ingaruka zihambaye ku wabikoze. Zimwe mu zigarukwaho cyane harimo: guhura n’indwara za ‘Infection’, kubaho utabyara (ubugumba), ndetse no kuba wagira ibibazo mu kubyara, kugira uburibwe mu igihe cy’imibonano, guhora uva amaraso, ndetse no guhorana inkari (wumva ushaka kunyara). Ikindi wakongeraho ni ukuba utakumva ‘uburyohe mu gihe cy’imibonano’, bitewe n’uko rugongo ifasha kugira ibyo byiyumviro iba yarakuweho.

N’ubwo umubare nyawo w’abakobwa n’abagore banyuze muri ibi utazwi gusa ibigaragazwa na UNICEF ni uko byibura abagera kuri miliyoni 200, bariho, batuye mu bihugu 30, banyuze muri iki gikorwa. Muri ibyo bihugu, hari abasaba ko ibi byacika burundu. Ariko, hakaba n’abandi basaba ko byagumaho, kuko ari kimwe mu biranga imico yabyo, ndetse ko babikora ku bushake, nta gahato, bakaba banabifitiye urukundo, kuko ari umuco wabo. Babikunde, ntibabikunde, iki gikorwa cyamaze kugaragara ko gihonyora ubuzima, n’uburenganzira bw’igitsina gore.

Ibihugu bikirimo uyu muco ku rwego rwo hejuru

Mu majwi, hari ibihugu bikunze kugaragaramo iki gikorwa cyo ‘gusiramura’ abagore. Bimwe mu bivugwaho cyane, biherereye mu bice bya Atlantic, mu Ihembe ry’Afurika, ndetse n’Uburasirazuba bwo hagati, nko muri Iraq, na Yemen. Ukongeraho ibihugu nka Somalia, Guinea ndetse na Djibouti bifite urugero rwa 90% muri ibi bikorwa. Muri raporo ya UNICEF yo muri Kanama, 2019, igaragaza imibare y’ibihugu bikeba imwe mu myanya myibarukiro y’inyuma y’umugore, ku bana bari hagati y’imyaka y’ubukure kuva kuri 0-14. Hazamo: Gambia 56%, Kenya 3%, Mali 73, Uganda 1%, Yemen 15.0%, Eritrea 33%,ndetse n’ibindi. Hakaba n’ibindi bihugu bikora bityo, ku bari hagati y’imyaka y’ubukure kuva kuri 15-49. Harimo: Somalia 46%, Nigeria 1% ndetse na Cameroon 1%.

Iyi nkuru n’ubwo ikumenyesheje ko abagore ‘basiramurwa’, menya ko uburyo bikorwamo kuva bitangiye kugeza basoje bihonyora ubuzima ndetse n’uburenganzira bwa muntu, by’umwihariko igitsina gore. Byaba ari umuco, cyangwa se ibyo dutegekwa n’imyemerere yacu, ntibikwiye ko habamo ihohoterwa, rimwe na rimwe abantu bitwaza ko ngo ‘n’abagabo barasiramurwa/gukebwa’. Ntibikwiye. Ikindi kandi, byagaragaye ko abagabo, bagira uruhare mu guhatiriza abana babo (abakobwa) cyangwa b'abagore, ngo bagane iyi nzira. Iki kibazo cyabaye mpuzamahanga. Turinde ubuzima.

Src: UNICEF.org,theguardian.com, femalecircumcision.org, prb.org

Umwanditsi: Faridi Muhawenimana-InyaRwanda.com