11 Ukwakira; Umunsi mpuzamahanga wahariwe umwana w’umukobwa; Ni izihe mbogamizi abana b’abakobwa bagihura nazo muri iki gihe?

Insanganyamatsiko y’uyu mwaka iragira iti “lmbaraga z’umukobwa: ashize amanga kandi ni ntakumirwa”, mu Rwanda ariko harakoreshwa insanganyamatsiko igira iti “Ntegurira ejo heza undinda gusambanywa”

“Tugomba guharanira uburenganzira bungana, ubushobozi ndetse n’ijwi by’umwana w’umukobwa mu miryango yacu, aho dutuye no mu bihugu byacu. Abakobwa nabo bashobora kuba abantu bakomeye bazana impinduka, nta kintu na kimwe rero kigomba gutuma badatanga umusanzu wabo mu buzima bwa buri munsi” Umunyamabanga Mukuru w’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, Antonio Guterres.

Hashize imyaka 25, abagore basaga 30,000 baturutse mu bihugu 200 bahuriye i Beijing mu Bushinwa mu nama mpuzamahanga ya kane yigaga ku bagore, yigaga by’umwihariko ku kuba uburenganzira bw’abagore n’abakobwa bwaba uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu.

Ubusumbane hagati y’abana b’abakobwa n’abahungu ni imbogamizi ku isi hose cyane cyane mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere. Haracyari imyumvire y’uko abana b’abahungu ari bo bagomba kwiga abakobwa umurimo wabo ari ukuba abagore bakabyara ubundi bakita ku bana babo n’ingo zabo.

Raporo y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye yasohotse muri Nzeli umwaka ushize, yagaragaje ko abakobwa miliyoni 15 bagejeje imyaka yo gutangira  mu mashuri abanza batabona amahirwe yo kwiga gusoma no kwandika ugereranyije n’abahungu miliyoni 10.  Iyi myumvire ntigira  ingaruka ku buzima bw’abana b’abakobwa ndetse n’uburenganzira bwo kwihitiramo icyerecyezo bashaka gusa, ahubwo inagira ingaruka ku gushorwa mu mirimo ivunanye, gushyingirwa ku ngufu bakiri abana ndetse no guterwa inda zitateganyijwe bakiri bato.

Ubukene no gushyirwa ku gitutu mu miryango mu bice bimwe by’u Buhinde biri mu bituma abana b’abakobwa bashyingirwa ku gahato bakiri bato

Gushyingirwa ni ukwemeranya hagati y’abantu babiri babyifatiyeho umwanzuro kubana akaramata. Mu bice bimwe by’u Buhinde umukobwa umwe muri bane arashyingirwa mbere yo kuzuza imyaka 18. Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na UNICEF muri Gashyantare uyu mwaka bubigaragaza, ubukene bukabije, gushyirwa ku gitutu n’umumuryango ndetse n’umuco wo gutanga abana b’abakobwa mo ingurane ari wo uzwi nka Atta-satta, ari byo bituma gushyingira abana b’abakobwa bakiri bato bitaranduka.

Muri Kenya guterwa inda bakiri bato bishyira mu kaga ubuzima  bw’abana b’abakobwa

Mu mateka, gutwita ubwabyo bitera impungenge ku buzima bw’abagore aho inda ishobora kumuhitana cyangwa igatera ibindi bibazo. Tugendeye ku nyigo yakozwe muri uyu mwaka muri Gashyantare ikozwe na The journal BMC pregnancy and childbirth, yagaragaje ko gutwita bakiri abana ari cyo kintu cya kabiri gitera imfu z’abana b’abangavu mu bice byo mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere cyane cyane mu bihugu byo muri Afrika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara. Gutwika bakiri bato bigabanya amahirwe yo gukomeza amashuri yabo ndetse n’ubushobozi bwo kugira indi mirimo bakora. Muri Kenya hari umubare munini w’abana b’abakobwa bapfa babyara kubera guterwa inda bakiri bato nko ku myaka 14.

Mu gihugu cya Bangladesh ubukene, kutabona amahirwe yo kwiga bituma abana b’abakobwa bajya gukora imirimo ivunanye

Ku isi yose abana barenga miliyoni 20 bakora imirimo ivunanye. Abana b’abakobwa bakoreshwa iyo mirimo ivunanye, akenshi baba baturuka mu miryango ikennye cyangwa bafite ababyeyi batize. Mu gihugu cya Bangladesh 12% bangana na miliyoni 4.8  z’abana bari hagati y’imyaka 5-10 bakora igihe kingana n’isaaha imwe cyangwa irenga mu cyumweru mu tuzi tubishyura cyangwa tutabishyura.

Haracyari icyizere ko ibintu bishobora guhinduka. World Vision Australia’s 1000 girls umuryango ukora ubukangurambaga ku banya Australia kujya muri uwo muryango mu gutanga ubufasha ku bakobwa 1000 bo mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere buri mwaka, kuri uyu munsi mpuzamahanga wahariwe umwana w’umukobwa, uyu muryango unafite intego yo kurandura ikibazo cy’ubusumbane. Gufasha umwana w’umukobwa bimwongerera imbaraga ziri muri we ndetse bikanamucira inzira mu kwiteza imbere.  

Umwanditsi: Gentillesse Cyuzuzo-Inyarwanda.com