NTIBISANZWE! OMS yatangaje ibintu 10 bishobora kuzahaza no kurimbura abantu benshi mu mwaka wa 2019

Impuruza itangwa n’ishami ry’umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku buzima OMS, iravuga ko ihangayikishijwe n’uko ubu imiti imwe n’imwe yari Isanzwe ikoreshwa itari kubasha kuvura indwara nk’uko byari bisanzwe. Kandi hakomeje kugenda hagaragara udukoko twinshi dushya ndetse n’utwari dusanzwe iyo miti idakoraho rwose. Bityo yasohoye urutonde ruriho ibibazo bikomeye bishobora kwibasira imbaga nyamwinshi mu mwaka wa 2019.

Ingaruka ziterwa n’ihumana ry’ikirere

Nk’uko byemeza n’icyegeranyo cya OMS ubu abantu 9 ku 10 bahumeka umwuka uhumanye buri munsi. Ihumana ry’ikirere ritera gukenyuka kw’abasaga Miliyoni zirindwi ku isi yose bazize cancer ,indwara z’umutima ndetse n’izibasira inzira y’ubuhumekero. Umujyi wa New Delhi ni wo mujyi uhumanye cyane ku isi, aho ibipimo bigaragaza ko muri metero kibe ( m³) imwe usangamo 400 μg z’utuvungukira .( μg :microgramme; Soma mikorogarame ni urugero rukunze gukoreshwa mu mazu y’ubushakashatsi, 1 mg = 1000 μg).

Ibi bipimo byo muri uyu mujyi wa New Delhi bikaba biteye ubwoba kuko bikubye inshuro 16 ku bipimo bitangwa na OMS, ibihugu bikaba bikangurirwa kugabanya ibihumanya ikirere nk’uko u Bushinwa bwabikoze hagati ya 2013 na 2016 bakabasha kugabanyaho 12% byatumye icyizere cyo kubaho cyiyongeraho imyaka 5.

Indwara zitandura

Diabete, Cancer, Indwara zifata inzira y’amaraso n’izindi ni indwara nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza zisasira 70% by’abapfa bose ku isi, ndetse buri mwaka abarenga Miliyoni 15 bapfa bakenyutse kubera izi ndwara aho 85% bahitanwa nazo ari abo mu biguhu bikennye.

Umubyibuho ukabije, kunywa itabi, kunywa inzoga ni impamvu zikomeye zongera ibyago byo kwibasirwa n’indwara zidakira. Ibi ni ibintu bihangayikije cyane kuko dufashe urugero mu gihugu cya Mexique abantu bibasiwe n’umubyibuho ukabije bikubye kabiri mu myaka 20 ishize aho bavuye kuri 35% mu mwaka wa 1988 bakagera kuri 70% mu mwaka wa 2016.

Ubwoba butewe n’inkingo

Kugeza ubu Ishami ry’umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku buzima  ritangaza ko inkingo zibasha kurinda ubuzima bw’ababarirwa hagati ya miliyoni 2 na 3 buri mwaka ariko abagera kuri miliyoni 1.5 bashobora guhagarika gufata inkingo hatagize igikorwa kubera ubukangurambaga busigaye bumaze gufata indi ntera burwanya inkingo cyane cyane ubukorerwa kumbuga nkoranyambaga.

Indwara ya Ebola

Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo ubu yibasiwe cyane na Virus ya Ebola , aho habarurwa abagera kuri 273 bahitanwe nayo hagati y’ukwezi kwa Kanama n’ukuboza mu 2018 Iki cyorezo ubwo cyibasiraga ibihugu byo mu burengerazuba bw’Afurika hagati y’imyaka ya 2014 na 2016 iyi ndwara yahitanye abarenga 11.000. Igihangayikishije OMS ni uko iki cyorezo cyatangiye kugera mu bice bituwe cyane bishobora koroha kwanduzanya ndetse n’ikibazo cy’umutekano muke muri ibyo bice uterwa ahanini n’imitwe yitwaza indwaro ibangamira ishyirwaho ry’ibigo by’ubutabazi nk’uko bitangazwa na OMS.

Ibicurane by’imihindagurikire y’ibihe

Imibare itangazwa na OMS ivuga ko ibicurane biterwa n’ihinduka ry’ibihe bihitana abagera ku 650.000 buri mwaka, abibasirwa cyane bakaba ari abagore batwite, abantu bageze mu zabukuru ndetse n’abana bakiri bato. Kugeza ubu uburyo bwo kuyirinda buracyari ingorabahizi kuko Virus itera ibi bicurane ihindagurika bikaba bisaba ko n’inkingo zigenda zihindurwa  hfi ya buri mwaka.

Wenqing Zhang, Umuyobozi mukuru w’ishami ryo kurwanya ibicurane muri OMS atangazako ibicurane bikwirakwira ku muvuduko munini cyane , ndetse bikaba bigoye cyane kumenya igihe iyo virus izatangirira gukwira. Iki kigo kikaba gitangaza ko kigiye gukaza ingamba zo guhangana n’iri kwirakwira, kongera ingufu mu gutanga inkingo ku gihe.ndetse no kongerera ingufu ibigo biri hirya no hino hino ku isi bishinzwe kugenzura indwara y’ibicurane.

Indwara ya dengue

Iyi ni indwara y’ibicurane iterwa no kurumwa n’imibu ndetse ihitana abagera kuri 20% mu bayanduye. Ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bihe by’imvura cyane cyane mu bihugu byo muri Aziya, Ikindi kubera ihindagurika ry’ikirere , imvura igwa amezi menshi akaba arinayo mpamvu iyi ndwara ikunze gufata umubare munini. 

Mu mwaka wa 2018, igihugu cya Bangladesh nicyo cyazahazwe n’iyi ndwara ya dengue kuko ariho habaruwe umubare munini wabahitanye nayo.Mu mibare itangazwa na OMS igaragaza ko mu batuye isi 40% bashobora kwibasirwa n’iyi ndwara akaba ari byo bihangayikihije umuryango mpuzamahanga  aho yari ifite intego yo kuba yagabanije kugeza kuri 50% abahitanwa na dengue muri 2020.

Kutabona ubuvuzi bw’ibanze

Ibihugu byinshi ku isi ntibifite ibikorwa remezo , umurongo uhamye na gahunda zinoze z’ubuzima bigira ingaruka z’uko usanga icyizere cy’ubuzima kiri hasi cyane ndetse imibare y’imfu z’abana iri hejuru cyane. OMS itarangaza ko nibura abantu barenga Miliyale 7.3 badafite uburyo bwo kwivuza buboroheye. Nk’uko ibarura rwa OMS ribigaragaza igihugu cy’Ubufaransa habarurwa abaganga 32 ku baturage 10.000, mu gihe mu Rwanda habarurwa umuganga umwe ku baturage 10.000 mu gihe mu gihugu cya Thailande habarurwa abaganga 5 ku barwayi 10.000. ibi byatumwe OMS itumiza inama mu kwakira 2018 yigaga ukuntu abaturage bakwegerezwa ubuvuzi bw’ibanze.

Virus itera SIDA VIH

Nubwo hakorwa ibishoboka byose ngo hashakwe umuti n’urukingo. SIDA iracyari ku isonga mu zihitana abantu benshi cyane mu biguhugu bikennye. Abagera kuri Miliyoni imwe bapfa buri mwaka ndetse na miliyoni 1.8 baranduye mu mwaka wa 2017. Ikibazo cy’ingorabahizi ni uko umuntu umwe kuri bane atamenyako yanduye bityo agakomeza kwanduza abandi. OMS iratangaza ko igiye gukaza ingamba zo koroshya uburyo bwo kwipimisha ku buryo umuntu yajya abwikorera aho ari hose.

Abantu batagira kirengera

OMS itangaza ko abantu bagera kuri Miliyare 1.6; ni ukuvuga 22% byabatuye isi bagowe n’imibereho. Igihugu cya Yemen cyonyine giteye agahinda kuko nk’uko imibare y’ishami ry’umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku biribwa ibigaragaza ,abarenga miliyoni 8 bibasiwe n’inzara.Ingaruka zakuriwe n’intambara yayogoje icyo gihugu mu gihe cy’imyaka itatu. Kuva kera ibihugu byinshi by’Afurika y’iburengerazuba ndetse n’uburasirazuba bikunze kwibasirwa n’amapfa, aho abagera kuri 68.5 miliyoni bakwira imishwaro mu isi yose bashaka imibereho.

Imiti itagikangara indwara

Kuva imiti izwi nk’antibiotique yavumburwa yarokoye ubuzima bw’abarenga amamiliyoni, gusa ikibazo ubu kimaze kugaragara ni uko hari abantu bagiye bayikoresha cyane cyangwa bakayikoresha nabi (Abarwayi bafata imiti nabi bitandukanye n’uko babibwiwe na muganga cyangwa ntibayirangize) byatumwe ubu kuri bo iyo miti itakibasha kubavura na mba.

Ikigo cya ECDC (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control) cyemeza ko udukoko tutakibashwa n’imiti aritwo nyirabayazana y’uburwayi by’abagera kuri 700.000 ndetse abagera kuri 33.000 bapfa buri mwaka mu  burayi. Muri Nzeli 2018 itsinda ry’abashakashatsi bo mu gihugu cya Australie bagaragaje urutonde rw’udukoko tutakibasha kuvurwa n’imiti yari isanzwe idukangara.

Src: www.futura-sciences.com