Umunyamateka, umwanditsi w’ibitabo, umusizi, umuhanga mu mitekerereze-Amateka ya Padiri Alexis Kagame

Nyuma y’inkuru zinyuranye twari tumaze iminsi tubagezaho ahanini zigaruka ku mateka y’isi, umusomyi umwe wa inyarwanda.com yadusabye ko twabikomeza ariko tukanagaruka ku mateka y’iwacu i Rwanda kuko hari benshi bakeneye kuyamenya. Uyu mukunzi wacu yanadusabye ko twazamushakishiriza amateka ya Padiri Alexis Kagame .

Ni amateka twateguye twifashishije cyane cyane inyandiko  y’ Ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe ururimi n'umuco (RALC) ivuga ku mateka ya Mgr Alexis  Kagame uretse ko hari ibindi twagiye twongeramo twifashishije inyandiko zindi zivuga ku mateka ye.

Alexis Kagame yavutse ku ngoma ya Yuhi wa V Musinga, tariki  ya 15 Gicurasi 1912. Yavukiye i Kiyanza, mu Buliza, Umurenge wa Murambi, Akarere ka Rulindo, Intara y’Amajyaruguru. Nyuma y’imyaka 69 y’ubuzima bwuzuye ibikorwa by’ubuhanga buhanitse, yatabarutse itariki ya 2 Ukuboza 1981 mu bitaro by’i Nairobi,  muri Kenya.

Amashuri yize

Mu mwaka wa 1925, Kagame yatangiye kwiga mu ishuri rya Leta mu Ruhengeri.  Kagame yarangije ishuli rya Leta mu w’ 1928. Ni nabwo yabatirijwe i Rwaza na Padiri Desbrosses ari we wari warafashije Lecoindre gushinga Misiyoni ya Marangara yaje gufata izina rya Kabgayi (Kabwayi). Ku munsi yari amaze kubatirizwaho yegereye Padiri Desbrosses aramubwira ati " Ndashaka kujya muri Seminari." Padiri aramuseka.

Amaze kubatizwa, ahita ajya imuhira gusezera. Ariko agihinguka baratangara bati : “Ko wabatijwe ejo utashye ute ?” Ati ; “Ngiye mu Seminari ?”. Gukora iki ?, “Kwiga igifaransa !”.
Mu gihembwe cya kabiri, abo biganaga babona ababanye uwa mbere. No mu gihembwe cya Gatatu ahamana umwanya we wa mbere. Ubwo aba arangije umwaka umwe mu Iseminari ari wo wa Gatandatu. Yageze mu mwaka wa Gatatu w’amashuri muri Seminari, abarezi be basanga atari ngombwa  ko yimukira muwa kabili nk’abo biganaga ajya mu wa mbere asimbutse uwa kabili.

Mu mwaka w’ 1933 yarangije Seminari nto nuko yinjira muri Seminari nkuru, nayo yari ikiri i Kabgayi. Kagame yaba yaragize amanota ya mbere mu bo biganaga kuva atangira Seminari nkuru kugeza ayirangiza.

Muri 1936, Seminari nkuru yimukiye mu Nyakibanda. Alexis Kagame yari umunyeshuri muri Tewolojiya. Uwo mwaka, umwe mu bapadiri bigishaga mu Nyakibanda, asaba buri mufaratiri kwitegura kuzabwira abandi icyo yagezeho. Muri icyo gitaramo atumira mo umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa. Igitaramo kirangiye umwami ahamagara Kagame aramubaza ati ; “Ibyo wavuze wabikuye he ?” Undi ati ; “Nabibwiwe na Sekamana.” Amubwira n’abandi basizi babiri. Umwami ati " Abo ndabazi ariko si bo bahanga. Nzakoherereza ababizi neza.”

Mu 1947 yavuye i Kabgayi ajya ku Gisagara. Hari mu kwezi kwa Gatanu. Umwami Rudahigwa yakundaga kujya kubasura aho ku Gisagara. N’abazungu bifuzaga kugera icyo bamenya ku Rwanda bajyaga kubaza Kagame.

Bizwi ko Kagame yahawe uburenganzira n'umwami Rudahigwa, kugira ngo afate amajwi hanyuma yandike ibijyanye n'amateka y'u Rwanda byari bizwi n' abiru gusa. Bivugwa ko ku ngoma y'umwami Rudahirwa, Kagame yabaye nk'umwiru mukuru. Niwe wari usa n'uzi ibijyanye n'ubwiru byose, harimo n'inzira 19 yashyinguye zerekeranye n'imihango ikomeye yakorerwaga ibwami. Ashingiye ku byo yabwiwe, Kagame yanditse ibitabo byinshi bivuga ku Rwanda mbere y’umwaduko w’abazungu. Kubera ubuhanga bwihariye bwe, Kagame yashoboye kwandika ibitabo byerekeranye n'amateka y'u Rwanda. Ibitabo bye by'amateka y'u Rwanda: ‘ Un abregé de l’ethno-histoire du Rwanda ’, na ‘ Un abregé de l’histoire du Rwanda de 1853 a 1972’, Abanyarwanda benshi bari mu kigero cy'imyaka 40-60 ubu,  nibyo bigiyemo amateka.

Yakoze mu bwanditsi bwa Kinyamateka i Kabgayi (1941-1947). Mu 1950, ukwezi kw’Ukwakira, Padiri Kagame yavuye ku Gisagara, asubira i Kabgayi. Yongeye gukora mu buyobozi bwa Kinyamateka.
Mu kwezi kwa Nzeli mu wa 1952, Padiri Kagame yoherejwe mu mashuri i Roma. Yigiye muri Kaminuza yitiriwe Mutagatifu Geregori. Mu myaka ine yari abonye Dipolome ya Dogiteri muri Filozofiya, aho yakiriwe nk’umunyeshuri udasanzwe.  Kagame yarangije amashuri muri 1956 agaruka i Rwanda. Yigishije Filozofiya muri Groupe Scolaire ya Astrida (Butare). Yigishaga no mu Iseminari nto i Kansi. Ibyo byose yabikoraga atuye Astrida muri Procure.

Imirimo yakoze

Kuva mu 1947 kugeza mu 1962, yari yaratorewe kujya mu nteko y’abantu b’impuguke zigenga mu nama y’u Burayi (membre du Groupe des Experts Indépendants auprès du Conseil de l’Europe). Umurwa w’iyo nama ukaba Strasbourg ho mu Bufaransa. Kagame yari no mu nama y’ubuyobozi bwa Rwanda-Urundi kuva muri 1956 kugeza ku bwigenge bw’u Rwanda.

Kaminuza y’u Rwanda yashinzwe muri 1963. Naho yatangiye ahigisha Ubumenyi n’Amateka y’u Rwanda. Ntabwo yari agitanga amasomo muri Groupe Scolaire Scolaire ya Astrida (Butare). Ahubwo mu mwaka wa 1964 yagiye gutura i Kansi muri Seminari. Yaje no kwigisha umuco n’ubuhanga bya Afurika mu Seminari nkuru ya Nyakibanda guhera muri 1971. Mu mwaka ukurikiyeho yabaye umwarimu-mushyitsi muri Kaminuza y’Igihugu cya Zaire (Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo), ishami ry’i Lubumbashi.Muri iyo Kaminuza yigishaga amateka ya Afurika y’iburasirazuba n’iyo hagati.

Padiri Alexis Kagame

Muri 1972, Alexis Kagame yaretse umurimo wo kuba umukuru wa Seminari ntoya y’i Kansi. Yari yarawutangiye muri 1969. Akirangiza uwo murimo ni na ho yimukiye i Butare. Ubwo yahugukiye iby’ubushakashatsi cyane hamwe n’ibyo kwigisha muri Kaminuza y’i Ruhande. Yashoboye kwandika igitabo cya mbere cy’amateka yu Rwanda (Un Abrégé de l’Ethno-Histoire du Rwanda, 1972) no gutegura icyagikurikiye (Un Abrégé de l’Histoire du Rwanda de 1853 à 1972) cyarangiye muri 1975.

Ku ya 5 Nyakanga 1979, igihugu cyamuhaye impeta y’ishimwe, maze agirwa Officier de l’Ordre National des Grands-Lacs. Iyo mpeta yahabwaga abantu bagize akamaro mu kujijura Abanyarwanda bakoresheje inyandiko, ubuhimbyi, indirimbo n’ibindi. Kagame abiga indimi z’abanyafurika benshi bamuzi nk'umuntu wanditse igitabo cyo kwigiramo ikinyarwanda n'ikirundi - “ La langue du Rwanda et du Burundi expliquée aux autochtones ”.  Kagame ari mu bimena dukesha kuba  izi  ndimi zombi ubu zivugwa, zandikwamo ibitabo. Yahinduye mu Kinyarwanda Isezerano rishya muri Bibiliya, Igitabo cya Misa, Ibitabo by’amasomo akoreshwa mu misa, n’ibindi. Padiri Alexis Kagame yanditse kandi  “ Umuririmbyi wa Nyiribiremwa”. Abazi Padiri Kagame bemeza ko iki gitabo kimeze nk’igisigo yacyanditse mu gihe cy’imyaka 25. Bemeza kandi ko we ubwe ari cyo yari yaragize ingenzi mu bitabo byose yanditse. Ibitabo bya Kagame byerekeranye na filosofiya: “ La philosophie Bantu-rwandaise de l’être ” na “ La philosophie Bantu comparée ”, biri muri bike umuntu yashyira mu bitabo remezo byanditswe n'abanyafurika. Ibyo bitabo kugeza magingo aya byigwa na benshi mu biga filosofiya. Byatumye ndetse Kagame ashyirwa mu rutonde rw'abanyafurika b'ibihangange bo mu kinyejana cya 20.

Ku itariki ya 4 Nyakanga 1981, Papa Yohani-Paulo II, yamugize Umusenyeri w’icyubahiro (Prélat d’honneur). Ku itariki 04 Nzeli 2014 nibwo Inteko Nyarwanda y’Ururimi n’Umuco yamugeneye igihembo mu rwego rwo kumushimira uruhare yagize mu guteza imbere ururimi  n’umuco cyakiriwe na Diyosezi ya Butare. Ni igihembo cyari gifite agaciro ka miliyoni 3 z’amanyarwanda. Nibwo bwa mbere iyi nteko yari itanze iki gihembo.

Imiryango mpuzamahanga yabayemo

1947: MEMBRE DU GROUPE DES EXPERTS INDEPENDANTS AOPRES DU CONSEIL DE L’EUROPE , STRSBOURG, FRANCE KUGEZA 1962;
1956: MEMBRE DU CONSEIL D’ADMINISTRATION DU RWANDA-URUNDI;
1970:MEMBRE DU COMITE SCIENTIFIQUE INTERNATIONAL POUR LA REDACTION D’UNE HISTOIRE GENERALE DE L’AFRIQUE(UNESCO);
1979:DECORE DE L’ORDRE NATIONAL DES GRANDS LACS;
1981: ELEVE A LA DIGNITE DE PRELAT D’HONNEUR PAR LE PAPE;
-MEMBRE DE L’ACADEMIE ROYALE DES SCIENCES D’OUTRE-MER(BRUXELLES, BELGIQUE);
-MEMBRE DES SCIENCES D’OUTRE-MER(PARIS,FRANCE);
-MEMBRE DE L’INSTITUT INTERNATIONAL AFRICAIN(LONGRES, GRANDE-BRETAGNE);
-MEMBRE DE L’ASSOCIATION DES ECRIVAINS DE LA MER ET DE L’OUTRE (PARIS, FRANCE);
-MEMBRE DE L’INSTITUT INTERNATIONAL DES CIVILISATIONS DIFFERENTES;
-MEMBRE DE L’INSTITUT INTERNATIONL DE PHILOSOPHIE;
-CHERCHEUIR ASSOCIE DE L’INSTITUT POUR LA RECHERCHE SIENTIFIQUE EN AFRIQUE CENTRALE;
-CHERCHEUR ASSOCIE DE L’INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE()BUTARE;
-MEMBRE DE DROIT PERMANENT DU GROUPE D’ETUDES ET DE RECHERCHES DE LINGUISTIQUE  APPLIQUEE(GERLA (UNR BUTARE)

 IBITABO YANDITSE: IBITABO N’IMYANDIKO 206

1.    AMABARUWA N’INDI MYANDIKO:19
2.    AMATEKA: IBITABO N’IMYANDIKO 62
3.    UBUMENYANDIMI: IBITABO N’IMYANDIKO 8
4.    UBUVANGANZO N’UBUGENI:IBITABO N’IMYANDIKO 43
5.    FILOSOFIYA: IBITABO N’IMYANDIKO 8
6.    IYOBOKAMANA: IBITABO N’IMYANDIKO 50
7.    IBINDI: NK’AMASOMO, IJAMBO RY’IBANZE 16

Ingero :
-La philosophie bantu de l’être;
-Inganji Karinga (1943) ;
-Isoko y’Amäjyambere, 3 vol. (1949–51) ;
-La Poésie dynastique au Rwanda (1951) ;
- Introduction aux grands genres lyriques de l’ancien Rwanda (1969) ;
- La Philosophie Bantu comparée (1976);
 Umulirimbyi wa Nyili-ibiremwa, gikubiye mu bitabo 3 (1950);
- Matabaro ajya i Burayi (1938–39);
-Umwaduko w’Abazungu muli Afurika yo hagati (1947);
-Indyoheshabirayi.

Amateka ya Alexis Kagame ni maremare. Iyi ni incamake yayo. Uramutse hari byinshi umuziho tutavuze mui iyi nkuru cyangwa se uzi umwe mubo babanye watwongerera andi kuri aya twavuze tukazayageza ku basomyi, watwandikira kuri avichris2810@gmail.com.

Undi muntu wakoze ibikorwa by’indashyikirwa wumva twazagushakishiriza amateka ye cyangwa amwe mu mateka y’u Rwanda ushaka ko twazagarukaho, wakohereza ubutumwa bwawe kuri email yatanzwe haruguru.

Niba ushaka kureba inkuru zivuga ku mateka y’isi ,uduce tw’ibanga n’ibituvugwaho,ibivejuru bivugwa ko bisura isi n’izindi twanditse mu minsi yashize, wadukurikira kuri Page ya Facebook yitwa’Tumenye isi’