Ibintu 5 bitangaje kuri Pablo Escobar ufatwa nk’umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge w’ibihe byose

Uyu mugabo Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria yakomokaga ku mugabo w’umuhinzi w’umukene wo muri Colombia aza guhinduka umwe mu bantu batinywa kandi bafite amafaranga ku isi cyane ko ngo nibura 4/5 bya kokayine yose yo ku isi yari mu maboko ye. Mu mibereho ye, Escobar afite ibintu bitangaje byamuranze bikaba ari byo tugiye kubagezaho.

5. Mu myaka y'1980 Escobar niwe wacuruzaga 80% bya kokayine yose yo ku isi

Ushobora kwibaza ko ibi bidashoboka ariko Escobar niwe wabaga ari boss mukuru, abandi bazwi akaba ari nabo bakunze gufatwa n’inzego z’umutekano mu bihugu bitandukanye babaga ari abakozi ba Escobar cyangwa nabo ibyo bacuruza ari we babikuraho. Ibi byatumaga yinjiza miliyoni 60 z’amadolari buri munsi.

4. Yinjizaga muri Amerika toni 15 za kokayine buri munsi

Aho imbaraga ze zari zigeze, Escobar yari asigaye ari we nzira yonyine ishoboka yo kunyuzaho ibiyobyabwenge byinjira muri Amerika, uwabaga wese ashaka kwinjiza kokayine muri Amerika yamuhaga hagati ya 20 na 35% by’inyungu ku bicuruzwa bye akabimwinjiriza muri Amerika ntawe umuketse.

3. Pablo Escobar yabikaga amafaranga mu mirima, mu mazu ashaje.... agera kuri $500M buri mwaka

Yabaga afite amafaranga menshi cyane ndetse amwe akabura uburyo bwo kuyabika, agahitamo kuyatabika mu mirima y’iwabo muri Colombia, inzu zishaje zitabamo abantu, mu nkuta z’amazu y’abantu bamukorera n’ahandi hatandukanye kandi ngo ayo mafaranga yashoboraga kuyibagirwa, ariko ntawe yari kuyabitsa ngo ayamutware kubera uburyo bamutinyaga.

2. Yatwitse amadolari miliyoni 2 acanamo umuriro umukobwa we akonje

Umunsi umwe Escobar n’umuryango we bahungaha inzego z’umutekano, bari batuye ahantu bihishe, umwana muto w’umukobwa wa Escobar imbeho ikomeye iramufata, nuko Escobar ashumika inoti z’amadolari zifite agaciro ka miliyoni 2 kugira ngo umwana we agarure agashyuhe.

Escobar n'umuryango we

1. Yemereye leta ya Colombia gufungwa ariko agafungwa muri gereza yiyubakiye

Pablo Escobar nk’umunyamafaranga ndetse nk’ikihebe ntibyari byoroshye kumufunga. Mu 1991 yemeye kujya muri gereza ariko itari ibonetse yose, yajyanwe muri gereza yise “La Catedral” yiyubakishirije, yari ifite ikibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru, icyokezo (barbeque pit) n’ahantu hisanzuye ho kwicara. Hafi yaho yubatse aho umuryango we uzajya uba. Yahawe uburenganzira bwo guhitamo abandi bagororwa bashobora kuza kuba muri iyo gereza ye ndetse n’abagomba kuyirinda bose ni abo yari yihitiyemo.

Yari yemerewe kandi gukomeza ubucuruzi bwe no gusurwa uko abishatse. Icyongeye kuri ibyo, abayobozi bo muri Colombia ntibari bemerewe kwegera gereza ye nibura muri kilometero 4. Byose byaje guhinduka ubwo itangazamakuru ryatangiraga kugaragaza ko ibyaha bitandukanye Escobar akibikomeje n’ubwo yitwa ko ari muri gereza. Ibi byatumye leta ipanga kumwimurira mu yindi gereza ariko Escobar aza kubimenya aratoroka.

Incamake kuri Pablo Escobar

Pablo Escobar yavukiye mu gihugu cya Colombia mu 1949, yavutse ari uwa 3 mu muryango w’abana 7. Yize kaminuza ariko aza kuyivamo atarangije yishora mu byaha bitandukanye byavagamo amafaranga, yatangiye yiba imodoka, agurisha mu buryo bw’ubujura cyangwa uburiganya ibintu bitandukanye, yaje kujya ashimuta abantu akabarekura ahawe amafaranga menshi, nyuma aza kwinjira mu bucuruzi bwa kokayine yajyanaga muri amerika mu myaka ya za 1970.

Bumwe mu bubiko bw'amafaranga bwa Escobar

Ubucuruzi bwe bwaje gukomera ku buryo mu gihe cye nibura yabashije gutunga miliyari 42 z’amadolari. Ukurikije uko amafaranga yikubye agaciro muri iki gihe, ayo mafaranga angana na miliyari 107 z’amadolari muri 2017. Ubu bucuruzi bwe yabaga afite abandi ahanganye nabo ku isoko, byabyaraga kwicana hagati y’abakozi be n’abapolisi, abacamanza, abanyapolitiki abandi bacuruzi n’abandi bantu benshi batandukanye. Escobar yashatse umugore afite imyaka 27, hari muri 1976, umugore we Maria Victoria Henao yari afite imyaka 15 babyarana abana 2.

Yaje kwicwa na polisi mu 1993 aho yari yihishe nyuma yo gutoroka gereza, yicwa arashwe isasu mu gutwi. Yari afite imyaka 44 y’amavuko. Ni umwe mu bashinze Medellín Cartel, umuryango ukorera kuri gahunda mu buryo butangaje ucuruza ibiyobyabwenge mu bice byose by’isi ndetse na n’ubu iracyakora.

Pablo Escobar niwe mucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge ukomeye kandi ufite amafaranga wabayeho ku isi, niwe kandi wari utinyitse, ugira ubugome, udatinya ikintu na kimwe kandi wica abantu benshi. Mu gihe cye ngo Medellín Cartel yamaze imyaka irenga 20 ikomeye kurusha leta ya Colombia.