U Rwanda rwinjiye mu bihugu byemerewe guhatanira igihembo cya Oscars. Ese filime nyarwanda zirasabwa iki?

Ubusanzwe, nta muntu ku giti cye uba wemerewe kohereza filime muri aya marushanwa mu kiciro cya filime z’indimi z’amahanga (indimi zitari icyongereza). Iki gihembo cyizwi mu rurimi rw’icyongereza nka “Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film” gihatanirwa n’ibihugu bibyemerewe n’amategeko agenga aya marushanwa aho komite ibishinzwe muri buri gihugu itoranya filime izagihagararira, ikoherezwa muri aya marushanwa maze akanama ka Oscars kagatora filime 5 zizahatanira igihembo akaba arizo zitorwamo ihabwa iki gihembo. Ba Nyirifilime bohereza filime zabo kuri aka kanama kakaba ariko kagena filime ihagararira igihugu.

Igihugu cy’u Rwanda nticyari cyemerewe kohereza filime muri aya marushanwa, gusa kuri ubu hamaze gushyirwaho akanama kazwi mu cyongereza nka “Oscar Committee” mu gihugu cy’u Rwanda kazajya gatora filime zihagararira iki gihugu cy’imisozi 1000 muri aya marushanwa, gusa kugeza ubu kakaba kataremezwa ngo gatangazwe ku mugaragaro. Ibi ni bimwe mu byatangajwe urugaga nyarwanda rwa sinema rwagezeho, bikaba byaratangarijwe mu nama rusange y’uru rugaga yabaye kuwa 5 w’icyumweru gishize mu imurika ryakozwe na Visi Perezida w'urugaga nyarwanda rwa sinema Bwana kennedy Mazimpaka.

Afurika ihagaze ite muri aya marushanwa?

Iki gihembo cyatangiye guhatanirwa mu mwaka w’1956, ariko mbere yahoo gato cyaratangwaga ariko kigahabwa filime yatoranyijwe n’aka kanama. Icyo gihe filime z’iburayi nizo zonyine zari zihariye ibi bihembo, dore ko kugeza n’uyu munsi arizo zimaze kwegukana byinshi.  Kuva iki gihembo cyashyirwaho mu mwaka w’1956, ibikombe 3 nibyo bimaze gutaha muri Afurika gusa ibihugu byinshi kuri uyu mugabane byagiye byoherezayo filime.

Icya mbere cyatwawe na filime “Z” ya Costa-Gavras yari ihagarariye igihugu cya Algeria, mu mwaka w’1969. Iyi filime yakozwe ku bufatanye bw’igihugu cya Algeria n’ubufaransa, niyo yabashije gutwara igembo cya mbere cyatashye muri Afurika muri aya marushanwa.

Icya 2 ni Cote D’Ivoire mu mwaka w’1976 na filime “Black and White in Color” ya Jean-Jacques Annaud kikaba aricyo gihugu cyo muri Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara cyari kigeze kuri aka gahigo, naho icya 3 kikaba ari icyatashye muri Afurika y’epfo mu 2006 kuri filime “Tsotsi”.

Ibihugu byo mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari na Afurika y’uburasirazuba bimaze kohereza filime muri aya marushanwa harimo igihugu cya Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo na filime “Macadam Tribu” ya Zeka Laplaine mu 1997, igihugu cya Tanzania na filime “Maangamizi: The Ancient One” ya Martin Mhando na Ron Mulvihill mu 2001, ndetse n’igihugu cya Kenya na filime “Nairobi Half Life” ya David 'Tosh' Gitonga mu 2012.

Igihugu cya Afurika giheruka kugira filime ihatanira iki gihembo ni igihugu cya Mauritania kuri filime Timbuktu ya Abderrahmane Sissako, mu mwaka ushize wa 2015.

Kugeza ubu, igihugu cya Nigeriya; igihugu gifatwa nk'icya mbere muri Afurika gikomeye muri sinema ntikirohereza filime n'imwe muri aya marushanwa, bikaba byibazwa niba ari uko nta filime n'imwe irakorwa iri ku rwego rwo guhatana.

Amwe mu mabwiriza asabwa kugira ngo igihugu cyongereze filime muri aya marushanwa

Nk’uko twatangiye tubivuga, nta muntu ku giti cye wemerewe kohereza filime ye muri aya marushanwa, ahubwo igihugu kiba gifite akanama gashinzwe gutoranya filime ari nako ba nyirazo bazoherezaho. Bimwe mu bisabwa kugira ngo filime yoherezwe muri aya marushanwa:

Filime igomba kuba ari ndende kandi idakozwe mu rurimi rw’icyongereza.

1. Filime igomba kuba yarasohokeye mu byumba byerekanirwamo filime bizwi kandi byemewe muri icyo gihugu nibura mu gihe cy’iminsi 7 yikurikiranya, hagati ya tariki ya mbere Ukwakira umwaka ushize na tariki 30 Nzeli uwo mwaka, ndetse ifite ubuziranenge bugenga sinema (aha ku buziranenge harimo ko igomba kuba ari mu ishusho ya 35mm cyangwa 70mm, cyangwa 24- or 48-frame progressive scan Digital Cinema format, ifite ubunini bw’ishusho nibura (minimum projector resolution of 2048 by 1080 pixels),…
2. Iyi filime si ngombwa ko yaba yarasohokeye mu byumba bya sinema muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika.
3. Filime uko iri kose, isohoka mu bundi buryo ubwo aribwo bwose mbere y’uko isohokera mu byumba bya CINEMA byemewe, ntishobora kwemererwa.

Ubwo buryo filime ishobora gusohokamo, nk’uko bigaragara muri aya mategeko ni: kuyerekana kuri televiziyo, kuyicuruza kuri DVD (uburyo buzwi mu Rwanda), kuyicuruza kuri PPV/VOD, ndetse no kuri interineti; iyi filime ntishobora kwemererwa kwinjira muri aya marushanwa.

Nyuma y’uko filime igomba kuba iri mu rurimi rutari icyongereza, filime igomba kuba ifite amagambo aherekeza amashusho (subtitles) yo mu rurimi rw’icyongereza. Kanda hano usome amategeko yose agenga iki kiciro.

Ese u Rwanda rufite filime iri kuri uru rwego?

Kugeza ubu navuga nti OYA!

Filime nyinshi zakozwe mu Rwanda ziri ku rwego mpuzamahanga; tuvanyemo filime zakozwe ku Rwanda n’abanyamahanga ziganjemo izivuga kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, nazo uragaruka ugasanga nta filime n’imwe irimo yemerewe guhagararira iki gihugu muri aya marushanwa.

Filime zakozwe n’abanyarwanda ziri ku rwego mpuzmahanga ntizigera mu 10. Aha turavuga nka filime Imababazi: The pardon ya Joel Karekezi, filime Grey Matter ya Kivu Ruhorahoza, ndetse na filime Things of Aimless Wanderer nayo ya Kivu Ruhorahoza. Izi filime n’ubwo zagaragaje kuba ziri ku rwego mpuzamahanga ndetse zikitwara neza mu maserukiramuco ya sinema hirya no hino ku isi, hari indi ngingo izizitira kuba zakwemererwa guhagararira igihugu muri aya marushanwa: Zikoze mu CYONGEREZA.

Izi filime zikoze mu rurimi rw’icyongereza kandi nk’uko bigaragara muri aya mabwiriza twavuze haruguru, ntizemerewe guhatana.

Kugeza ubu, mu bushakashatsi nakoze kuri filime zakorewe mu Rwanda, zaba iz’abanyarwanda cyangwa iz’abanyamahanga ariko zikaba zitwa ko ari izo mu Rwanda; filime 2 nizo zashoboraga kuba zakwemerwa muri aya marushanwa.

Aha ndavuga filime Munyurangabo ya Lee Isaac Chung, ikaba ari filime yakozwe mu mwaka wa 2007 ndetse na filime UMUTOMA ya John Kwezi yo mu mwaka wa 2015.

Tugarutse gato kuri filime Munyurangabo, n’ubwo yakozwe n’umunyamahanga, ariko yitwa ko ari filime yakozwe ku bufatanye hagati y’u Rwanda na Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika, ibyo bikayiha amahirwe yo kuba yahagararira iki gihugu.

Ikindi kiyiha amahirwe, ni uko iyi filime kugeza ubu ariyo yonyine yakorewe mu Rwanda ikozwe mu buryo bwa 35mm, uburyo buhabwa ingufu muri aya marushanwa. Ikindi ni uko ikoze mu rurimi rw’ikinyarwanda kandi ikindi cyari kuyiha amahirwe ari uko yasohokeye muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika, ariko ku rundi ruhande ikiyima aya mahirwe “ntiyigeze yerekana mu byumba bya CINEMA mu gihugu cy’u rwanda” kuko nta n’ibyahabaga muri uyu mwaka. Iyo yarahise!

Tugaruke kuri filime UMUTOMA. Iyi filime hari byinshi mu byo yujuje. Ikoze mu rurimi rw’ikinyarwanda, yabashije kugera kure ku rwego mpuzamahanga ku buryo byayiha amahirwe yo kuba filime yakwemerwa; Gusa ariko nayo, Hari izindi ngingo ziyizitira; ari nako zizitira filime nyarwanda kugeza uyu munsi.

Kugeza kuri uyu munsi, nk’uko bigaragara muri izi ngingo 3 zo hejuru twavuze zemerera filime kujya muri aya marushanwa, filime n’ubwo zaba nziza zite ntizakwemererwa kujya muri aya marushanwa kuko igihugu cy’u Rwanda kidafite ibyumba byerekana filime, kuko isoko rya sinema nyarwanda rishingiye gusa ku bucuruzi bwa DVD kandi nk’uko twabibonye haruguru, filime zo muri ubu bucuruzi ntizemererwa.

Ibi bishatse kuvuga iki?

Ibi bishatse kuvuga ko kugeza kuri uyu munsi, [iyi ni inkuru nziza yo kwishimirwa kuba u Rwanda rwaremerewe kohereza filime muri aya maruhanwa] ariko hakiri byinshi bikwiye gukorwa birenze kuba hanakorwa filime nziza ziri ku rwego rwo kwitabira aya marushanwa. Ahubwo, sinema nyarwanda iracyakeneye n’ibindi bikorwa remezo nko kugira ibi byumba n’ibindi bizatuma filime nyarwanda yakwemerwa guhagararira iki gihugu muri aya marushanwa.