Ese kuba filime ari fiction (ivuga inkuru mpimbano) bivuze ko idakwiye kugendana n'ukuri kw'ibibaho mu buzima busanzwe?

Ariko se yagakwiye guhabanya n’ukuri kw’ibibaho mu buzima? Kugira ngo byumvikane neza, reka dutange urugero:

“Karangwa arwaye indwara idasanzwe, ituma umubiri we ucika intege bidasanzwe. Agiye kwa muganga basanga yanduye agakoko gatera SIDA ariko kubera ntabushobozi afite muganga amubwira ko iby'imiti igabanya ubukana yabyibagirwa kuko nta na mutuelle nibura ngo imworohereze ubwishyu.”

Aha muri iyi nkuru, umwanditsi wayo yanditse ashaka kugaragaza ingaruka zo kutizigamira no kutagira mutuelle, ariko icyo yirengagije ni uko imiti igabanya ubukana bw'agakoko gatera SIDA mu Rwanda itangirwa ubuntu.

ESE IBI BIREMEWE?

Mu gushaka kumenya byinshi kuri iki kibazo benshi bashobora kwitiranya, twifashishije impuguke mu bya sinema, akaba umwarimu muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda Jean Claude Uwiringiyimana maze dutangira tumubaza aho filime n’ubwo yaba ari inkuru mpimbano ihurira n’ibiba mu buzima busanzwe, maze agira ati:

“Icyo twita "film fiction" mu kinyarwanda ni FIRIME Y'UMWIBARIRO (inkuru mpimbano). Umwibariro uwo ari wo wose, haba muri sinema cyangwa ubuvanganzo, wubakira ku IBARANKURU (narration). Mu buhanga bw'ibarankuru rero hari ubwoko bubiri bw'inkuru: inkuru ibara (ari na yo y'umuhanzi) n'inkuru ibarwa (ari cyo twita "story"), iyi ya nyuma ikaba igendanye n'ukuri kw'ibiriho, ari na bwo tuvuga ko umuhanzi aba afitanye "kontaro mbarankuru" (contrat narratif) n'abo yandikira igitabo, firime cyangwa inkuru runaka. Aha bishatse kuvuga ko ibyo yanditse, aba yarabonye mu muryango w'abantu, bigomba kugaragarira abarebyi cyangwa abasomyi ko bibaho koko cyangwa ko bishobora kubaho bishingiye ku kuri kw'ibituye biriho cyangwa ku bituye biba.”

Ntabwo umwibariro rero wandukura uko ukuri k'ubuzima guteye, ahubwo uvoma (s'inspire) muri uko kuri maze umuhanzi agashyiramo akanozo ke ari na byo twita UMWIMERERE ariko ugomba gushingira ku kuri kw'ibiba mu muryango w'abantu yitegereje kugira ngo ya kontaro mbarankuru ayubahirize, bityo igihangano cye cyemeze abakireba (convince the audience).

Mwarimu Jean Claude Uwiringiyimana

Inyarwanda.com: Ni ukuvuga ko umuhanzi adakwiye gutandukira rero? Wenda ngo abikore uko abishaka bitewe n'ubutumwa ashaka gutanga? Nko ku nkuru ya Karangwa twavuze haruguru.

Jean Claude: Nk'ibyo wavugaga by'urwaye SIDA, haramutse hari case azi y'aho imiti yagurishijwe umurwayi, ntacyo byatwara kuko n'ubundi umuhanzi yandika agamije guhugura abantu kugira ngo niba hari abakora ibinyuranye n'ukuri bikosore.

Ibaye iyo case ya Karangwa itazwi n'abo yandikira ntazabemeza nk'uko nanjye nk'umwe mu baba mu muryango nyarwanda ntarabyumva ko bibaho. Ariko ari ikintu gitangiye gukorwa n'abantu benshi cyangwa bake bakaba bakizi, byaba inkuru. Urugero ni nko kuvuga ko abapadiri bamwe bagira abagore rwihishwa, ni ukuri, n'ubwo atari rusange kuri bose. Icyo gihe wanditseho inkuru y'umwibariro ntabwo wahungabanya ya kontaro mbarankuru hagati yawe n'abo wandikira.

Aha nanakwibutsa ko umwibariro ushobora no gushingira ku byo abantu bemera kabone n'iyo bitaboneshwa amaso (croyance). Ushobora kwandika ikinamico cyangwa firime y'ukuntu abantu bajya mu ijuru, mu muriro utazima... ariko icyo gihe iyo nkuru izemeza gusa abafite iyo myemerere; ariko na none uwandika akirinda kuyijya ku ruhande (urugero: uramutse wanditse ko Yezu yicaye ibumoso bw'Imana waba wishe ya kontaro kuko muri iyo myemerere bazi ko Yezu yicaye iburyo bw'Imana!).

Ni na yo mpamvu uzasanga amafirime amwe n'amwe dukora mu Rwanda (cyane ariya azamo ibyo gukoresha imbunda buri kanya) atandukira ya kontaro mbarankuru kuko imiseruko (scenes) myinshi yayo iba idafitanye isano n'ukuri kw'ibibera mu Rwanda, mu muryango w'Abanyarwanda. Iyi sano hagati y'umwibariro n'ukuri kw'ibivugwa ndetse na ya kontaro mbarankuru ni yo ituma tuvuga ko igihangano icyo ari cyo cyose cyagombye kuba cyubakiye ku muco (imibereho, ubuzima,...) bw'abo cyandikiwe.

Inyarwanda.com: hari aho umuhanzi ashobora gushaka kwandika inkuru, ariko adafite amakuru ahagije, nk’aho ibintu biba byarabaye cyera adashobora no gupfa kubona aho yabikura. Aha yabigenza ate?

Jean Claude: kuba udafite amakuru ahagije ku kintu ugiye kwandika nk’umuhanzi ukarenga ukagikora ni ikosa rikomeye cyane. Ugomba gukora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ukamenya neza amakuru ahagije ku kintu ushaka kuvugaho, ubundi ukabona ukakivuga. Iyo ubuze amakuru rero afatika yagufasha kuvuga neza inkuru yawe udahabanye n’uko bisanzwe bimeze cyangwa byari bimeze, ushatse wabireka!

Mutiganda Janvier